2015年-2016年南宁市诺如病毒疫情调查报告  

Investigation report of norovirus outbreak in Nanning during 2015-2016

作　　者：农皓[1] 刘海燕[1] 裴建新[1] 杨丞[1] 詹鑫婕[1] 秦剑秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2017年第11期1624-1626,1630,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的分析南宁市诺如病毒腹泻暴发疫情的流行特征及影响因素,为疾病防控提供科学依据。方法收集2015年-2016年南宁市诺如病毒疫情个案调查表和实验室检测资料,并进行统计分析。结果南宁市共报告22起诺如病毒腹泻疫情,累计病例194例,全部为临床诊断病例,无死亡病例。疫情暴发地点主要集中在学校;病例主要集中在秋冬季的9月、10月和11月;病例年龄主要为1岁~组(51.55%)和11岁~组(29.38%);可能的传播途径包括经气溶胶、人传人接触传播等。共采集439份肛拭子标本和22份水标本,检出诺如病毒RNA阳性数分别为144份和1份,检出率分别为32.80%和4.55%。结论 GⅡ型是南宁市诺如病毒疫情的主要毒株,疫情主要发生在人口密集的幼儿园和中小学,应重点针对这些单位,开展健康宣教,加强个人卫生习惯培养,同时加强饮用水卫生、食品卫生、食堂工作人员等的监测,减少诺如病毒腹泻暴发疫情的发生。Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of norovirus （NoV） diar- rhea outbreak in Nanning, so as to provide scientific evidence for its control and prevention. Methods The norovirus question- naire data and laboratory test data from 2015 to 2016 in Nanning were collected and analyzed statistically. Results 194 cases in 22 outbreaks were reported in Nanning. All these cases were diagnosed by clinical physicians and no death cases were repor- ted. The outbreaks mainly occurred at schools. The outbreak distribution was seasonal, with cases peaked in September, Octo- ber and November. Cases distributed mainly in those of 1 year old（51.55% ） and 11 years old（29.38% ）. The transmission routes of NoV included air - borne and person - to - person contact. A total of 439 specimens of anal swabs and 22 samples of water were collected, and the positive numbers of norovirus RNA were found to be 144 and 1, respectively, and the detection rates were 32.80% and 4.55%. Conclusion G ]~ is the main strain of norovirus outbreak in Nanning, which mainly occurs in densely populated kindergartens and primary and secondary schools. The prevention and control of NoV should be comprehensive to reduce diarrhea outbreaks, including health education, water sanitation and food safety and canteen staff healthy control.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 腹泻 疾病暴发流行 流行病学 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]