海南省三亚市1993—2015年肺结核流行特征分析  

Pulmonary tuberculosis epidemiological characteristics in Sanya,Hainan,1993-2015

作　　者：林常勇 陈朱[1] 

机构地区：[1]三亚市疾病预防控制中心,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2017年第6期598-600,共3页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析海南省三亚市1993—2015年肺结核疫情的流行病学分布特征,为今后制定结核病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对1993—2015年三亚市肺结核疫情资料进行分析。结果 1993—2015年全市共登记肺结核患者12 357例,其中新涂阳患者5 684例,复治涂阳患者572例。年均肺结核登记率为106.52/10万,1993年开始呈逐年上升趋势,2007年达到高峰,以后逐年下降,各年间登记率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。登记的肺结核患者中男性和女性年均登记率分别为104.58/10万和37.55/10万,男女之比为2.78∶1,两者之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);发病年龄主要是35~64岁,占48.45%;农民发病数占总发病数的65.67%;一年四季均有病例报告,以3、4月份稍高;发病地区分布不均衡,报告率以天涯区最高,海棠湾区最低。结论目前三亚市结核病疫情呈缓慢下降趋势,但仍应重点加强农民、男性青壮年肺结核患者的防治和管理力度。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis detected in Sanya City from 1993 to 2015, so as to provide the reference for development of prevention and control strategies against tuberculosis. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was conducted on ease-finding data of tuberculosis which were collected from the National Disease Reporting Information System from 1993 to 2015. Results A total of 12 357 tuberculosis patients were registered in the City from 1993 to 2015, among which 5 684 were new eases and 572 retreated eases. The average registration rate of active tuberculosis eases was 106.52/105. This rate showed a rising trend since 1993, peaked in 2007 and then declined year by year, there was a significant difference in the different year （P〈0.01）. The average registration rate of male and female was 104.58/105 and 37.55/105, gender ratio of male to female was 2.78：1 （P 〈0.01）. Most of tuberculosis eases were in the age group from 35 to 64 years accounting for 48.45%, and 65.67% of the patients were farmers. Tuberculosis eases were reported all the seasons around and a litter higher in March and April. Their distribution was uneven, and the most in Tianya area and the least in Haitangwan area. Conclusion The prevalence of tuberculosis began to decline slowly in Sanya City, but the control work still should be strengthened on farmers, the young male and so on.

关 键 词：肺结核 流行病学 特征分析 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]