接种含麻疹成分疫苗后发热出疹性病例流行病学分析  

Epidemiologic alanalysis of cases of rash and fever illness after measles containing vaccine inoculation

作　　者：罗美玲[1] 林希建[1] 刘浩[1] 胡强[1] 刘姝[1] 黄霜[1] 

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410001

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2017年第6期628-629,637,共3页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析接种含麻疹成分疫苗(Measles-containing Vaccine,MCV)后发生发热出疹性病例(RFIs)特征,为今后类似病例处置提供科学依据。方法对长沙市2013年1月1日—2015年12月31日,麻疹监测专报系统报告的80例接种含麻疹成分疫苗后RFIs病例,以描述流行病学方法分析特征。结果长沙市接种含麻疹成分疫苗后发生的RFIs病例报告发病率为1.13/万,病例成散发状态,相互之间无流行病学联系。病例发病年龄主要集中在8~12月龄,58例(72.5%);首次接种者69例,占86.3%;发热时间在接种后5~9 d为多,占45.0%,出疹时间为接种后6~10 d为多,占46.2%。结论接种含麻疹成分疫苗后可引起RFIs病例,进行病毒基因分析是诊断RFIs病例是否为麻疹疫苗相关病例的唯一方法,应加强对发热出疹病例的监测,及时采集合格标本进行麻疹病毒分类。Objective To investigate the eharacteristicsof rash and fever illnesscases （RFIs） after measles containing vaccine（MCV） inoculation in Changsha City, so as to provide the evidence for effective treatment of RFIs. Methods From January l, 2013 to December 31, 2015, the data of 80 RFIs reported by the special measles surveillance system in Changsha City were collected and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method. Results The average incidence of RFIs reported was 1.13/10 000. The cases were sporadic and they had no epidemiological links.Most RFIs （58 cases, 72.5%）were infants of 8-12 months old and 69 cases （86.3%） were inoculated with MCV first time. Most of the infants had fever 5-9 daysafter the inoculation （45.0%）and had rash 6- 10 days after the inoculation （46.2%）. Conclusions The inoculation of MCV can cause RFIs. The measles virus genotype analysis is the unique way to diagnose RFIs associated to MCV inoculation. Monitoring should be strengthened after MCV inoculation, including collecting specimens and screening genetic typing.

关 键 词：麻疹疫苗 接种 发热出疹性疾病 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]