Assessment of Methods for Determining Bioavailability of Trace Elements in Soils: A Review  

作　　者：Jurate KUMPIENE Laura GIAGNONI Bernd MARSCHNER Sébastien DENYS Michel MENCH Kristin ADRIAENSEN Jaco VANGRONSVELD Markus PUSCHENREITER Giancarlo RENELLA 

机构地区：[1]Waste Science & Technology, Lule University of Technology [2]Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence [3]Ruhr-Universitt Bochum [4]Joint Research Unit (UMR) Biodiversity, Genes & Communities (BIOGECO), French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) [5]Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire (Anses) [6]i-CLEANTECH Vlaanderen [7]Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences [8]University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna

出　　处：《Pedosphere》2017年第3期389-406,共18页土壤圈（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the European Research Area Network (ERA-NET) Sustainable Management of Soil and Groundwater Under the Pressure of Pollution and Contamination (SNOWMAN) Project Sustainable Management of Trace Element Contaminated Soils (SuMaTECS)

摘　　要：Trace element-contaminated soils(TECSs) are one of the consequences of the past industrial development worldwide. Excessive exposure to trace elements(TEs) represents a permanent threat to ecosystems and humans worldwide owing to the capacity of metal(loid)s to cross the cell membranes of living organisms and of human epithelia, and their interference with cell metabolism.Quantification of TE bioavailability in soils is complicated due to the polyphasic and reactive nature of soil constituents. To unravel critical factors controlling soil TE bioavailability and to quantify the ecological toxicity of TECSs, TEs are pivotal for evaluating excessive exposure or deficiencies and controlling the ecological risks. While current knowledge on TE bioavailability and related cumulative consequences is growing, the lack of an integrated use of this concept still hinders its utilization for a more holistic view of ecosystem vulnerability and risks for human health. Bioavailability is not generally included in models for decision making in the appraisal of TECS remediation options. In this review we describe the methods for determining the TE bioavailability and technological developments, gaps in current knowledge, and research needed to better understand how TE bioavailability can be controlled by sustainable TECS management altering key chemical properties, which would allow policy decisions for environmental protection and risk management.Trace element-contaminated soils （TECSs） are one of the consequences of the past industrial development worldwide. Excessive exposure to trace elements （TEs） represents a permanent threat to ecosystems and humans worldwide owing to the capacity of metal（loid）s to cross the cell membranes of living organisms and of human epithelia, and their interference with cell metabolism. Quantification of TE bioavailability in soils is complicated due to the polyphasic and reactive nature of soil constituents. To unravel critical factors controlling soil TE bioavailability and to quantify the ecological toxicity of TECSs, TEs are pivotal for evaluating excessive exposure or deficiencies and controlling the ecological risks. While current knowledge.on TE bioavailability and related cumulative consequences is growing, the lack of an integrated use of this concept still hinders＇its utilization for a more holistic view of ecosystem vulnerability and risks for human health. Bioavailability is not generally included in models for decision making in the appraisal of TECS remediation options. In this review we describe the methods for determining the TE bioavailability and technological developments, gaps in current knowledge, and research needed to better understand how TE bioavailability can be controlled by sustainable TECS management altering key chemical properties, which would allow policy decisions for environmental protection and risk management.

关 键 词：BIOACCESSIBILITY BIOAVAILABILITY biosensors chemical extractions contaminated soils ＇metalloids metals 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学] X53[农业科学—农业基础科学]