热处理对无烟煤/聚苯胺复合材料电容性能的影响  

Effect of Heat Treatment on Capacitance Property of Anthracite/Polyaniline Composite

作　　者：刘鸿翔[1] 赵捷[1] 李侃社[1] 张永[1] 葛明君[1] 汪晓芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2017年第3期450-454,共5页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21406176)

摘　　要：先对无烟煤进行低温真空热处理,除去在无烟煤的孔隙内和外表面吸附的低分子碳氢化合物,再将苯胺引入无烟煤的孔隙和外表面上,原位聚合制备出无烟煤/聚苯胺复合材料。分别用氮气吸附仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、电化学工作站和电阻率测定仪对其微观结构与电容性能进行了表征,结果发现:低温真空热处理增大了无烟煤的比表面、孔容和孔径,且没有破坏煤的大分子骨架,促进了煤大分子与聚苯胺链间的氢键作用,有效地改善了复合材料的电容特性。无烟煤经140℃真空热处理150min后制得的复合材料,在表面有均匀的微纳米级聚苯胺颗粒附着,比电容达到231.60F/g(3.33A/g),且循环可逆性更好。Low-temperature heat treatment in vacuum was used to remove the low-molecular hydrocarbons adsorbed in the pores and the outer surface of anthracite.Then,aniline was adsorbed in the pores and the outer surface of anthracite,and was initiated to polymerize.Finally,anthracite/polyaniline hybrid materials were obtained.Their microstructure and capacitance property were tested by N2 adsorption analyzer,Scanning Electron Microscope（SEM）,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（FTIR）,electrochemical workstation and resistivity measurement.The results show that the heat treatment enlarges the specific surface area,pore volume and pore diameter of anthracite.It does not destroy the skeleton of the coal macromolecules,and promotes the hydrogen bonds between the coal macromolecules and polyaniline chains.The capacitance property of hybrid materials is effectively improved.After the vacuum heat treatment of anthracite at 140℃ for 150 min,the surface of hybrid materials has uniform polyaniline particles in the micrometer or nanometer size.It has the high specific capacitance of 231.60F/g at the current density of 3.33A/g and better reversibility.

关 键 词：无烟煤 聚苯胺 热处理 电容性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]