长期住院精神分裂症患者病情及社会支持状况  

State of Illness and Social Support in Long-term In-patients with Schizophrenia

作　　者：甘明远[1] 汪毅[1] 刘雅君[1] 吴宇泽[1] 李丽[1] 吕梦涵[1] 潘颖娜 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院,北京100096

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2017年第6期801-805,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：北京市科技计划首都临床特色应用研究(编号:Z141107002514155;Z151100004015149);北京回龙观医院龙跃计划项目(编号:2014LYZD-06)

摘　　要：目的:了解长期住院精神分裂症患者病情及社会支持状况。方法:通过检索住院病历及相关问卷评定等对住院患者进行现况调查,首先,根据患者住院病历采集患者人口学资料、病程、躯体疾病状况、治疗情况等患者疾病基本信息,并使用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)及临床总体印象(CGI)评估疾病严重程度;其次,使用个体和社会功能量表(PSP)评估患者社会功能,同时使用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和自制问卷调查了患者的社会支持水平及对家属探视的满意度。结果:共入组患者77人,其中男性39人(50.65%),女性38人(49.35%),患者平均年龄为(58.09±8.93)岁。值得注意的是,77.92%的患者为未婚或离异,其中未婚35人(45.45%)、离异25人(32.47%)。患者阳性与阴性症状量表总分为(83.36±17.27),其中阳性症状和阴性症状平均分分别为(19.33±8.01)和(21.74±6.13),其临床总体印象病情严重程度总分为(5.08±1.07)。全部77例患者均合并有躯体疾病,平均躯体疾病数(7.79±3.86)个,躯体疾病分类以消化系统疾病最多,发生率高达90.91%,其他依次为内分泌营养和代谢疾病、循环系统疾病,发生率均为76.62%,神经系统疾病发生率57.14%,肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病发生率48.05%。对各系统疾病进行进一步统计分析发现,便秘发生率最高,发生率(66.23%),其他依次为高脂血症(49.35%),脂肪肝(46.75%),锥体外系综合征(40.26%)。在用药方面,全部77例患者均使用抗精神病药物治疗,使用1种抗精神病药者44.16%,2种抗精神病药联用者51.95%,3种抗精神病药联用者3.90%。另外77例患者中,76名患者合并使用躯体疾病药物,使用比例为98.70%。在社会支持方面,患者社会支持总分平均分为(19.81±4.73);个人与社会表现量表总分平均分为(52.75±16.43),另外61.04%的患者对家属探视不满意。结论:长期住院精神分裂症患者年龄偏大、婚姻状况不佳。他们精神症状丰�Objective：To understand the state of illness and social support in long-term in-patients with schizo-phrenia.Methods：We aimed to understand the current situation of long - term in- patients with schizophrenia by searching the medical records and assessing with some questionnaires.Firstly,we obtained demographic data,course of illness,the situation of physical disease and related treatments etc.by searching the medical records.At the same time,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale（PANSS）and Clinical Global Impression（CGI）were used to assess the severity of disease.Secondly,we used the Personal and Social Performance scale（PSP）to assess the social function of patients.Meanwhile,the Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）and a self-developed questionnaire were used to investi-gate the situation of social support of patients and their satisfaction with family members＆#39;visits.Results：We collected 77 patients（39 males and 38 females）,and their average age was （58.09 ± 8.93 ）years.It was worth noticing that 77.92% of patients were unmarried or divorced（with 45.45% unmarried and 32.47% divorced respectively）.The mean of PANSS total score was （83.36 ± 17.27 ）,with positive symptom （19.33 ± 8.01 ）,and negative symptoms （21.74±6.13）.The mean CGI score was （5.08 ± 1.07）.All 77 patients had comorbid physical disease,with a mean number of （7.79±3.86）.The digestive system disease was the most prevalent physical comorbid disease with a prev-alence of 90.91%,followed by endocrine nutritional and metabolic disease and circulatory system disease（76.62% for both）.The prevalence of nervous system disease was 57.14%,and the prevalence of musculoskeletal system and con-nective tissue disease was 48.05%.Further analyses showed that the most prevalent disease was constipation （66.23% ）,followed by hyperlipidemia （49.35%）,fatty liver disease （46.75%）and extrapyramidal syndrome （40.26%）.As for medication,all patients took antipsychotic medications,with 44.16% of

关 键 词：住院病人 精神分裂症 探视 社会支持 社会功能 

分 类 号：R395.4[哲学宗教—心理学] R749.3[医药卫生—医学心理学]