近40 a海西蒙古族藏族自治州沙漠化时空变化及驱动力分析  

Analysis on Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Desertification and Its Driving Force over Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Recent 40 Years

作　　者：丁文广[1,2] 耿怡颖 张慧琳[1,2] 陈利珍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院 [2]西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2017年第3期1-8,共8页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC19B09)资助

摘　　要：通过对海西蒙古族藏族自治州1975—2015年Landsat卫星遥感影像进行解译,获取了该州近40 a沙漠化土地动态变化特征。结果表明:(1)研究区近40 a沙漠化土地面积先增加后减少,1975—1995年为沙漠化发展时期,1995—2015年为沙漠化逆转时期,1995年沙漠化程度最高,沙漠化土地面积17 1591.42 km^2;(2)沙漠化变化集中在研究区高海拔地区,柴达木盆地内部一直以重度沙漠化为主;沙漠化明显发展和明显逆转分别集中在1985—1995年和1995—2005年;(3)各类型沙漠化土地重心迁移总体表现为1975—1995年向东迁移,1995—2015年向西折返。通过对海西蒙古族藏族自治州沙漠化时空变化的驱动因素进行分析,表明人为因素是造成20世纪90年代之前研究区沙漠化显著发展的主导因素,而气候因素和人为因素共同促进了之后的沙漠化逆转。Based on the interpretation of Landsat satellite remote sensing images of HaixiMongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture from 1975 to 2015, the dynamic changes of desertland in recent 40 years were obtained. The results showed that： （1）the area of the desert land inthe study area was firstly increased and then decreased in recent 40 years in the study area.Desertification developed significantly from 1975 to 1995 while reversed from 1995 to 2015. Itreached the highest level in 1995 with the area of 171591.42 km2; （2）Desertification changesconcentrated in the high altitude area, and the interior of the Qaidam Basin has been dominated bysevere desertification;Additionally, desertification significantly developed and retreated during1985-1995 and 1995-2005, respectively; （3）The overall migration of various types desertificationland shifted eastward during 1975-1995 while turned westward during 1995-2015. The analysis ondriving factors of the temporal and spatial changes of desertification in Haixi Mongolian TibetanAutonomous Prefecture showed that human activities were the dominant factor on the remarkabledevelopment of desertification before1990s, while the climate and human factors promoted thereversal of desertification after that.

关 键 词：沙漠化 遥感解译 时空变化 驱动力 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]