美国规避3D打印机给料限制技术措施的立法例考察  

Investigating the legislation of Restriction of 3D printers Feedstock TPM

作　　者：周琨[1,2] 李雪珏 ZHOU Kun LIXue-jue

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,知识产权学院 [2]湘潭大学法治湖南建设与区域社会治理协同创新中心 [3]湘潭大学知识产权学院

出　　处：《图书馆论坛》2017年第7期139-144,F0003,共7页Library Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“云计算知识产权问题与对策研究”(11AZD113)研究成果。

摘　　要：新增规避3D打印机给料限制技术措施的临时例外是美国DMCA试图激励3D打印领域的技术创新、平衡3D打印企业与消费者之间利益的一种立法尝试。文章分析各利益方围绕非侵权性使用、不利影响和法定因素展开的博弈,解读该条款的假定、行为模式、法律后果。规避3D打印机给料限制技术措施的行为不被认定为版权法上的侵权应同时满足:以使用替代材料进行3D打印为实施规避行为的唯一目的;不实施任何旨在获取存储于3D打印机中的其他专有数据的行为;不以具备打印商业产品或材料能力的3D打印机给料限制技术措施为规避行为的实施对象等条件。我国可考虑增加对规避3D打印给料限制技术措施行为的豁免规定、加强对3D设计文件的版权监管及签发"版权申明标志"。The new temporary exemption on circumvention of 3D printers＇ feedstock TPMs is one legislative attempt designed for DMCA to inspire 3D printing technologies in the areas of innovation, as well as to maintain the balance between 3D printing enterprises and interests of the consumers. Through analyzing the stakeholders＇ game focusing on non-infringement use, adverse effects and statutory factors and interpreting the assumption, behavior mode, and legal consequences of terms, it is knowable that if avoiding 3D printer feedstock limit technology measures is not considered as infringing on the copyright law, the following conditions shall be complied with simultaneously： to use alternative material for 3D print is the sole purpose; not to conduct any implementation aimed at getting proprietary data stored in 3D printer; not to conduct the circumvention with the object of 3D printers capable of printing products or materials for commercial use, and so on. Via setting certain restrictions on the applicable conditions, the subject and the scope, the provisions aims at achieving a balance between market economy and the public interest. The enlightenment that the terms give to technical measures exception system in China lies in the following aspects： to consider increasing waiver to circumvention of 3D printing feedstock restriction technical measures; to enhance copyright regulations in 3D design file; to issue copyright statement marks.

关 键 词：技术保护措施 临时例外 给料限制 法律实效 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] DD913