个人碳交易视角下消费者能源消费与福利变化研究  

Study on consumers' energy consumption and welfare changes under the personal carbon trading scheme

作　　者：王善勇[1] 李军[1] 范进[1] 赵定涛[1] 李遥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学管理学院,合肥230026

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2017年第6期1512-1524,共13页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71601174;71171183);中国博士后科学基金(2016M590583)~~

摘　　要：个人碳交易是一种直接针对个体消费者的碳减排市场机制,旨在通过引导、管制和鼓励等方式改变消费者高碳能源消费模式,形成低碳能源消费模式,以实现碳减排目的.本文基于消费者行为理论,构建了个人碳交易体系下消费者能源消费效用优化模型和福利变化测度模型,并运用中国电力消费数据对模型结果进行实证分析.结果表明:碳排放权市场交易量与初始碳排放权、能源价格呈显出先增后减的变化规律;碳排放权市场交易量与交易成本呈负向相关关系;初始碳排放权正向影响高排放者和低排放者的能源消费量;交易成本正向影响低排放者能源消费量、负向影响高排放者能源消费量;由于缓冲效应的存在,能源价格对消费者能源消费量的影响不显著;个人碳交易体系下,高排放者是福利的受损方,而低排放者是福利的获益方,实现了高污染者向低污染者的补贴,有助于促进社会公平.该研究成果对于今后个人碳交易的实施具有一定的引导和借鉴意义.Personal carbon trading （PCT） is a market-based mechanism to reduce carbon emissions from individual consumer directly. The purpose of this policy aims to guide, control and encourage consumers to reduce high carbon energy consumption and to form a low-carbon energy consumption pattern so as to achieve the carbon emission reduction target. In this paper, based on consumer behavior theory, we construct a utility optimization model and a measurement model of welfare change under PCT scheme. Moreover, we conduct the empirical analysis by using Chinese electricity consumption data. The results indicate that the trading volume of carbon allowance is positive firstly and then negative with initial car- bon allowance allocation and energy price, while negative with transaction cost. Initial carbon allowance allocation is positive with energy consumption of over-emitter and under-emitter. Transaction cost is posi- tive with under-emitter＇s energy consumption while negative with over-emitter＇s energy consumption. Due to buffer effect, the effect of energy price on consumer＇s energy consumption is no significant. In addi- tion, under-emitter will benefit from the PCT scheme and the over-emitter will suffer a welfare loss, which suggests that this scheme is helpful to promote the social justice since the over-emitter subsidizes the under- emitter. The research results have several guidance and reference significances for the implementation of person carbon trading in the future.

关 键 词：个人碳交易 能源消费 碳排放权价格 消费者福利 初始碳排放权 

分 类 号：C934[经济管理—管理学]