台湾地区弧-陆碰撞控制的海相前陆盆地  

Marine foreland basin in the process of arc-continental collision in Taiwan Region

作　　者：许淑梅[1,2] 吴珊[2] 李三忠[1,2] 武向峰[2,3] 冯怀伟[2] 王金铎 

机构地区：[1]海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛266100 [3]中石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院西部分院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《地学前缘》2017年第4期284-293,共10页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(41325009);山东省泰山学者特聘教授项目;鳌山卓越科学家计划(2015ASTP-0S10)

摘　　要：依据现有的地震、钻井和野外地质资料,综合前人关于台湾地区板块相互作用、区域大地构造、岩浆活动、弧-陆碰撞过程、沉积盆地、层序地层等方面的研究成果,本文比较系统地论述了台湾地区弧-陆碰撞过程中的盆地特征及演化规律,认为约15 Ma以吕宋岛弧带为主的弧-陆碰撞对盆地样式和盆地演化产生了重大影响,自东向西,分别形成海沟、沟-坡盆地、弧前盆地、弧内盆地和弧后海相前陆盆地。弧后海相前陆盆地为台湾碰撞带最大的沉积体系,是前陆盆地发育的早期阶段,之前还经历了陆缘断陷盆地阶段和被动大陆边缘盆地阶段。研究区沉积物从源到汇的搬运过程中,盆地的沉积与构造之间的时间存在明显滞后。9~6 Ma期间,吕宋岛弧形成;晚上新世(3 Ma),台湾海相前陆盆地的沉积环境、沉积相、物源等才发生显著变化,沉积物源方向由被动大陆边缘盆地期的向SE倒转为向SW,盆地沉积与构造运动之间滞后时间长达3~6 Ma,远大于一般认为的0.1~1 Ma。沉积物沿年轻造山带走向搬运、基底沉降导致近物源区粗碎屑物质的沉积、整个搬运体系中沉积物的局部保存与释放等因素可能是导致时间滞后的主要原因。Based on seismic,drilling and field geological data and combined with the recent results on the plate interaction,regional tectonics,magmatic activity,arc-continental collisional processes,sedimentary characteristics and sequence stratigraphy for the Taiwan and adjacent area,this paper systematically discusses the marine foreland basin and its evolutionary history and the process of arc-continental collision in the Taiwan Region.The arc-continent collision between the Luzon Island Arc and the Eurasian passive continental margin at-15 Ma has significant impact on the types and evolution of the basin systems.From the east to the west,the trench,trench-slope basin,fore-arc basin,intra-arc basin and retro-arc foreland basin developed during the arccontinent collision.The marine retro-arc foreland basin which is an early stage of the foreland basin is the largest sedimentary system of the Taiwan collision zone.The study area also underwent the marginal faulted basin and passive continental margin basin stage before the marine retro-arc foreland basin has taken shape.In the process of sediment transportation from the source to trap,the time of sedimentary filling shows clear hysteresis behind the tectonic stage.The Luzon Arc formed during 9-6 Ma,while the sedimentary environment,sedimentary facies and provenance in the Taiwan Marine Foreland Basin began to change until the late Pliocene（3 Ma）;the source direction switched from SE of the passive continental margin basin stage to SW of the foreland basin stage.The time lagged for 3-6Ma between the sedimentary filling stage and the tectonic stage,which is far longer than that of the generally believed 0.1-1Ma.These factors,such as the transportation of sediments along the young orogenic belt,the sedimentation of coarse debris near the provenance caused by basement subsidence,and the local preservation and release of sediments in the whole transportation system,may give rise to the hysteresis of the sedimentary filling stage behind the tectonic stage.

关 键 词：盆地类型 弧陆碰撞 台湾 前陆盆地 海相沉积 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]