庞泉沟自然保护区华北落叶松与桦树林土壤微生物群落结构  

Characteristics of the soil microbial community structures of Betula platyphylla and Larix principis-rupprechtii forests in the Pangquangou Reserve

作　　者：周永娜[1] 乔沙沙[1] 刘晋仙[1] 贾彤[1] 李毳[2] 柴宝峰[1] 张乃桢 梁昭江 

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所,太原030006 [2]山西财经大学环境经济学院,太原030006 [3]山西文峪河国家级湿地公园管理局,交城030510

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年第3期520-526,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31540054);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2012-059);山西省科技攻关项目(20150313001-3)~~

摘　　要：落叶针叶林和落叶阔叶林是华北地区主要的森林类型,其地下生态系统在驱动生物地球化学循环过程中发挥重要作用.运用Illumina高通量测序技术分析庞泉沟自然保护区中海拔桦树(Betula platyphylla)林和华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)林以及高海拔华北落叶松林的土壤微生物群落结构,同时对土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性及土壤理化性质进行测定,分析各因子的变化规律及其之间的相关性.结果显示:1)3个样地土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶活性与全碳、全氮、全硫、碳氮比呈极显著正相关;脲酶活性与p H显著负相关;过氧化氢酶活性与土壤理化性质均无显著相关性;同时3种酶的活性与细菌和真菌特定类群的丰度密切相关.2)样地间土壤细菌群落结构具有一定差异,而真菌群落结构的差异较大,土壤理化性质对微生物群落的结构具有较大的影响.真菌群落中的煤炱目(Capnodiales)、蜡壳耳目(Sebacinales)、路霉目(Lulworthiales)、锈革孔菌目(Hymenochaetales)的丰度与土壤全碳、全氮、全硫、碳氮比、含水率显著相关.3)中海拔桦树林土壤细菌群落多样性和丰度高于华北落叶松林,真菌群落的丰度与之相反;高海拔落叶松林细菌群落多样性较低,而丰度较高,真菌群落则是丰度较低,多样性在高海拔落叶松林中最高,在桦树林中较低.综上,植被类型、土壤理化性质和微生物群落结构三者相互影响,因此可通过改变林下土壤微生物环境,制定出不同的育林措施,进而影响土壤生态系统的碳、氮、硫等循环进程,提高土壤肥力.As two major forest types in northern China, coniferous deciduous and broad-leaved deciduous forests have long been of interest to ecologists. However, little is known about their below-ground ecosystems, such as the biodiversity and assemblages of their microbial communities, despite their ecological importance in driving biogeochemical cycling. Here, we used Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA and ITS gene to analyze microbial communities in soils from Betula platyphylla and Larix principis-rupprechtii forests at a middle elevation and soil from a L. principis-rupprechtii forest at high elevation in the Pangquangou Reserve. In addition, catalase, urease, and invertase activities and soil physicochemical properties were measured to determine the correlations between them. We observed the following： 1） Soil physicochemical properties were significantly different between the three plots and that there was a significant positive correlation between urease and invertase activities and total carbon, total nitrogen, total sulfur, and the carbon/nitrogen ratio. Urease activity showed a significant negative correlation with pH. In addition, activities of the three soil enzymes correlated with the abundances of specific operational taxonomic units of bacterial and fungi in the soil microbial communities. 2） The differences in the community structure of fungi between the three plots was greater than that the bacterial communities. Bacterial community structure and diversity were closely related to total carbon, total nitrogen, total sulfur, pH, and soil particle size, whereas the abundance of the fungi Capnodiales, Sebacinales, Lulworthiales, Hymenochaetales were closely associated with total carbon, total nitrogen, total sulfur, the carbon/nitrogen ratio, and moisture content. 3） At the middle elevation, the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria in the B. platyphylla forest were greater than that of L. principis-rupprechtii forest; in contrast, soil fungal abundance and diversity in the L. principis-rupp

关 键 词：森林土壤微生物 群落多样性 土壤酶 土壤理化性质 庞泉沟自然保护区 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]