带自定标的自动电磁环境频谱监测系统  

A Self-Calibrating and Automatic Spectrum Electromagnetic Environment Monitoring System

作　　者：乐林株 董亮[1,3,4] 汪敏[1,3] Yue Linzhu Dong Liang Wang Min(Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650011, China Yunnan University-Yunnan Observatories Information Technology United Laboratory, Kunming 650001, China Information College of Yunnan University, Kunming 650001, China University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院云南天文台,云南昆明650011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]云南大学-云南天文台信息技术联合实验室,云南昆明650001 [4]云南大学信息学院,云南昆明650001

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2017年第3期392-400,共9页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11303094);国家自然科学基金(U1431113);云南省应用基础研究计划(2015FB189);西部之光A类人才计划资助

摘　　要：脉冲星是一类自转极为稳定、辐射电磁脉冲的中子星。脉冲星研究的3个前沿领域使得与其相关的射电天文观测需要更多更宽的无线电频段。来自深空微弱的射电信号及射电望远镜的高灵敏度等特点,又使射电观测易受到来自人类活动产生的电磁干扰的影响,甚至有时对射电观测带来致命影响,因此射电观测需要选择电磁环境优异的地方建站。利用宽带噪声源、50Ω匹配负载、高低频天线组成具有三重定标校准的监测系统。系统处于哀牢山生态站进行不同频段(100 MHz^18 GHz)、多方位角、两个极化角、不同气候环境下的观测。阐述了对观测数据进行统计分析及处理的方式。系统可以广泛用于野外电磁环境监测及射电望远镜选址等领域。Pulsars are a class of extremely stable rotation, electromagnetic radiation pulse neutron stars. There are three fronts pulsar research （find out more pulsars, carefully study known pulsar, as a probe to study the gravitational and the interstellar medium）. And that makes radio astronomy observation needing more and more radio frequency bands. Radio observations, because of deep weak radio signals and its characteristics such as the high sensitivity, are susceptible to electromagnetic interference （Radio Frequency Interference, RFI） from the impact of human activities, which sometimes even cause fatal influence on the radio observations, therefore radio observations need an excellent electromagnetic environment site. The author uses the broadband noise source, 50 ohm matched load, low-high frequency antenna making up triple calibration monitoring system. In this paper, we monitor the system in different frequency （100MHz-18GHz） multiple azimuth and pitching angle, kinds of climates in the Ailao mountain ecological stations. And we elaborated the means of the statistical analysis of observed data. The system can be widely used in the field electromagnetic environment monitoring and radio telescope location, etc.

关 键 词：大型射电望远镜 脉冲星 电磁干扰 自定标 电磁环境 

分 类 号：P161.4[天文地球—天文学]