6种饲料原料瘤胃降解特性和瘤胃非降解蛋白质的小肠消化率  

Ruminal Degradation Characteristics and Small Intestinal Digestibility of Rumen Undegraded Protein of Six Feed Ingredients

作　　者：赵连生[1,2] 牛俊丽[2] 徐元君[2] 王芳[2] 郑琛[1] 李发第[1] 郭江鹏 卜登攀[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]北京市畜牧总站,北京100107

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2017年第6期2038-2046,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD43B01);国家自然科学基金(31560646)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究新疆地区玉米青贮、棉籽壳、苜蓿草粉、苜蓿干草、葡萄籽粕、蕃茄酱渣6种奶牛饲料原料的瘤胃降解特性和瘤胃非降解蛋白质(RUP)的小肠消化率(Idg)。选用3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的泌乳荷斯坦奶牛,采用尼龙袋法和改进三步体外法测定饲料原料的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的瘤胃降解特性以及RUP的Idg和小肠可消化粗蛋白质(IDCP)含量。结果表明:1)苜蓿草粉和玉米青贮的DM有效降解率最高,显著高于次之的苜蓿干草、番茄酱渣(P<0.05),葡萄籽粕、棉籽壳最低,显著低于其他原料(P<0.05);CP有效降解率为番茄酱渣>苜蓿草粉>玉米青贮>苜蓿干草>棉籽壳>葡萄籽粕,各原料间差异显著(P<0.05);NDF有效降解率为玉米青贮>苜蓿草粉>棉籽壳>苜蓿干草>番茄酱渣>葡萄籽粕,各组饲料原料间差异显著(P<0.05);ADF有效降解率为玉米青贮>棉籽壳>苜蓿干草>番茄酱渣>苜蓿草粉>葡萄籽粕,各组饲料原料间差异显著(P<0.05)。2)苜蓿草粉RUP的Idg和IDCP含量最高,Idg显著高于依次降低的苜蓿干草、玉米青贮、番茄酱渣、葡萄籽粕、棉籽壳(P<0.05),IDCP含量与苜蓿干草差异不显著(P>0.05),显著高于依次降低的玉米青贮、番茄酱渣、葡萄籽粕、棉籽壳(P<0.05)。综上所述,不同饲料原料具有不同的瘤胃降解特性,进入小肠IDCP的含量也不同。玉米青贮的DM、NDF和ADF在瘤胃的有效降解率较高,苜蓿草粉RUP的Idg较高,苜蓿草粉和苜蓿干草的IDCP含量较高。This experiment was conducted to determine the ruminal degradation characteristics and small intestinal digestibility of rumen undegraded protein （RUP） of six feed ingredients for dairy cows from Xinjiang, including corn silage, cottonseed hulls, alfalfa meal, alfalfa hay, grape seed meal and tomato sauce residue. Three lactating Holstein cows fitted with permanent rumen fistulas were selected to estimate the ruminal degra-dation characteristics of dry matter （ DM）, crude protein （ CP）, neutral detergent fiber （NDF） and acid detergent fiber （ADF） and small intestinal digestibility and intestinal digestible crude protein （IDCP） content of RUP by nylon-bag technique and modified three-step in vitro method. The results showed as follows：1） DM effective degradability of alfalfa meal and corn silage was higher, which was significantly higher than that of alfalfa hay and tomato sauce residue （P〈0.05）, and DM effective degradability of grape seed meal and cottonseed hulls was significantly lower than that of the other feed ingredients （ P〈0.05 ） ; CP effective degradability showed tomato sauce residue 〉 alfalfa meal 〉 corn silage 〉 alfalfa hay 〉 cottonseed hulls 〉 grape seed meal with significant differences among feed ingredients （P〈0.05） ; NDF effective degradability showed corn silage 〉 alfalfa meal 〉 cottonseed hulls 〉 alfalfa hay 〉 tomato sauce residue 〉 grape seed meal, and the differences a- mong feed ingredients were significant （P〈0.05） ; ADF effective degradability showed corn silage 〉 cotton- seed hulls 〉 alfalfa hay 〉 tomato sauce residue 〉 alfalfa meal 〉 grape seed meal with significant differences a- mong feed ingredients （P〈0.05）. 2 ） Small intestinal digestibility and IDCP content of RUP of alfalfa meal were the highest; small intestinal digestibility of alfalfa meal was significantly higher than that of alfalfa hay, corn silage, tomato sauce residue, grape seed meal and cottonseed hulls （P〈0.05）, which was de

关 键 词：饲料原料 瘤胃降解率 瘤胃非降解蛋白质的小肠消化率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]