利用T-RFLP技术在施用解磷菌剂土壤中微生物群落多样性分析  

Microbial community diversity in the soil fertilized with phosphate solubilizing bacteria by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis

作　　者：柯春亮 戴嘉欣 周登博[2] 张锡炎[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东石油化工学院,茂名525000 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2017年第3期471-477,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-32)资助

摘　　要：为探讨解磷微生物菌肥对香蕉土壤根际微生态的影响,利用T-RFLP(terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism)技术分析土壤均匀度指数、香农指数和优势种群等分析微生物多样性,研究高效解磷菌剂与化学磷肥的不同组合施用方式对香蕉植株的生长情况和根际土壤微生物物量和群落结构的影响。结果显示,与对照CK相比,T处理组香蕉苗较CK组生长健壮,地上部分鲜重平均值为42.2 cm,明显比CK高出35.2%。接M-3-01解磷细菌处理组T1、T3生长势最为显著(P<0.05),其中,T3株高和茎围分别是CK的1.26、1.16倍。T-RFLP技术分析微生物多样性表明,T1、T3多样性指数和均匀度指数指标分别为2.12/2.11和0.93/0.88,与CCK差异性不明显,但略微高于CK。同时,分析土壤优势种群,处理组T1、T3处理组土壤优势微生物种群数分别为12和14,数目基本与处理前土壤CCK的一致,而T2略低于CK。拟柱孢藻(Cylindrospermopsis)和北里孢菌(Kitasatospora)只存在于CK和施用解磷菌剂T1、T3处理土壤中。土壤种植香蕉苗后,不同施用方式对土壤微生物群落丰富度和多样性的稳定具有积极影响。因此,施用高效解磷菌剂对维持土壤微生物群落丰富度和均匀度效果较好。In order to study the impact of microbial fertilizer on banana soil rhizosphere＇s micro-ecology, we used T-RFLP technology to analyze Evenness index E, Shannon-Weiner H index and dominant population. We ex- tracted the total DNA from the soil to study the influences of different combinations of efficient phosphorus bacteria and chemical fertilizers on the growth of banana plants and rhizosphere soil microbial community quantity and structure. Compared with the control group, the banana seedling in T treatment groups was more robust with an av- erage height of 42.2 cm, 35.2% higher than that of the control group, especially in T treatment groups with M3-01 phosphorus bacteria inoculums. Seedlings in group T1 and T3 grew significantly vigorously （P 〈0.05）, of which, the plant height and stalk width of T3 seedlings was 1.26 and 1.16 times greater than CK, respectively. T-RFLP data also showed that indexes of diversity and evenness in T1 and T3 were subtly higher than those in CCK, reaching at 2.12/2.11 and 0.93/0.88. In the meantime, after analyzing the soil dominant group, we found the amount of soil pre- dominant microorganisms in T1 and T3 was 12 and 14, respectively, almost with no difference from the CKK data, but slightly higher than that in T2. Cylindrospermopsis and Kitasatospora can be only found in CK and T1 and T3 with application of phosphorus bacteria inoculums. Different application methods showed positive impacts on stabi- lizing the richness and diversity indexes of the soil microorganism populations. In conclusion, the application of phosphorus bacteria inoculums can improve the richness and diversity indexes of the soil microorganism populations; but the mechanisms are yet to be explored.

关 键 词：T-RFLP 解磷菌剂 土壤 微生物 多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]