遵义市耕地土壤的养分含量及其变化趋势  

Contents and Change Trends of Soil Nutrients in Cultivated Land in Zunyi City

作　　者：邵代兴[1] 周开芳 刘红 林莉 

机构地区：[1]遵义市土肥站,贵州遵义563000 [2]贵州省产业技术研究院,贵州贵阳550081 [3]贵州省凤冈县农牧局,贵州凤冈564200

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2017年第5期62-65,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省千层次创新人才培养项目[遵市科合人才(2016)25]

摘　　要：为了解遵义市耕地土壤养分现状及其变化趋势,在14个县(区、市)采集有代表性的耕地土壤样品90 712个,检测其pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、缓效钾和速效钾含量,应用Excel对检测数据进行统计分析。结果表明:遵义市耕地土壤pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、缓效钾、速效钾的平均值分别为6.82、29.63g/kg、1.76g/kg、146.70mg/kg、17.56mg/kg、309.77mg/kg、130.91mg/kg。按照全国第二次土壤普查分级标准,全氮处于上等水平,有机质、有效磷、速效钾处于中等水平。与贵州省耕地土壤平均值相比,土壤pH、有效磷、缓效钾分别高10.89%、3.60%、14.21%,有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾分别低16.58%、10.66%、7.53%、6.26%。与遵义市第二次土壤普查数据相比,有机质、全氮、速效磷分别增加1.13%、26.67%、122.78%,碱解氮和速效钾降低4.98%、0.09%,碱性和强酸性耕地土壤面积所占比例增加73.87%和16.02%,强碱性、中性和酸性耕地面积比例降低287.50%、69.59%和60.25%。In order to explore the current status of soil nutrients and their change trends,such indicators as pH,organic matter,total N,available N,available P,slowly available K and rapidly available K of 90 712 arable soil samples from 14countries（district,city）were tested and statistically analyzed by using Excel.Results：The mean values of pH,organic matter,total N,available N,available P,slowly available K and rapidly available K in arable soil were respectively 6.82,29.63 g/kg,1.76g/kg,146.70mg/kg,17.56mg/kg,309.77mg/kg and 130.91mg/kg.Total N was about equal to national first-class level,organic matter,rapid available P,rapidly available K were about equal to national medium level.pH,rapid available P and slowly available K were higher than Guizhou average level by10.89%,3.60% and 14.21% respectively,organic matter,total N,available N and rapidly available K were lower than Guizhou average level by 16.58%,10.66%,16.58% and 10.66% separately.Compared with the second soil survey data in Zunyi,organic matter,total N,rapid available P increased by 1.13%,26.67% and 122.78%,available N and rapidly available K decreased by 4.98% and 0.09%.The ratio of alkaline and strong acid arable land area increased by 73.87%and 16.02%respectively,strongly alkaline,neutral and acid arable land area reduced respectively by 287.50%,69.59% and 60.25%.

关 键 词：耕地 土壤养分 变化趋势 遵义 贵州 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]