密度对网箱养殖硬头鳟生长及经济效益的影响  

Effect of Stocking Density on Survival and Growthin Steelhead Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Cultured in a Cage

作　　者：张家松[1] 杜晓燕[1] 夏克立[1] 孙向东 

机构地区：[1]吉林省水产科学研究院,吉林长春130033 [2]吉林省抚松县水产技术推广站,吉林白山134500

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2017年第3期7-10,18,共5页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划重点科技攻关项目(20140204059NY)

摘　　要：本文主要研究密度对网箱养殖硬头鳟Oncorhynchus mykiss存活和生长的影响。在水温8.2~19.1℃下,将体质量1.02 kg的硬头鳟鱼种养殖在5m×10m×6m网箱中,网箱放置在松花江上游的松山水库中,密度分别为5尾/m^2(Ⅰ组)、8尾/m^2(Ⅱ组)、11尾/m^2(Ⅲ组)和14尾/m^2(Ⅳ组),投喂粗蛋白含量为42%、粗脂肪22%的颗粒饲料,常规养殖。145d的养殖表明:网箱养殖的放养密度对硬头鳟的生长有一定影响。第Ⅳ组鱼的存活率显著低于其他3组(P<0.05);放养密度为5~11尾/m^2时硬头鳟的生长与密度呈正相关,大于此密度范围则呈负相关。第Ⅲ组鱼的终末体质量、日增重、增重率、利润和利润率显著高于其余3组(P<0.05);4个密度组硬头鳟的产量随放养密度增加而递增。本试验表明:网箱养殖硬头鳟的放养密度为11尾/m^2较适宜。A feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of stocking density on survival and growth in juvenile steelhead trout （ On- corhynchusmykiss ）.The steelhead trout juveniles with body weight of 1.02 kg were reared in a 5 m× 10 m × 6 m net cage disposed in Fusong Reservoir at stocking density of 5, 8, 11, and 14 ind./m2 at water temperature of 8.2 - 19.1℃ for 145 days. Results showed that stocking density had some effects on the growth and survival. There was significantly lower survival rate in the fish at stocking density of 14 ind./m2 than in the other groups （P 〈 0.05 ）. There was positive relationship between growth including the final body weight, daily weight gain （DWG）, and weight growth rate （ WGR ） and stocking density within the stocking density of 5 - 11 ind./m2. Beyond that density, however, there was a negative relationship between growth and stocking density. The steelhead trout juveniles had significantly better growth and economic benefit in the fish at stocking density of 11 ind./m2 than the fish at other stocking densities did （P 〈 0.05 ）. It is recommended that the optimal stocking density be of 11 ind./m2 for steelhead trout.

关 键 词：硬头鳟 网箱养殖 放养密度 生长 

分 类 号：S964.7[农业科学—水产养殖]