增施蘑菇渣与稻壳粉对土壤微生物及烤烟生长发育的影响  

Effects of Applying Mushroom Residue and Rice Hull Powder on Soil Microorganism and Flue-cured Tobacco Growth

作　　者：许灵杰 王廷清 袁黔华 杨双剑 

机构地区：[1]黔东南州烟草公司烟叶生产经营部,贵州凯里556000 [2]威宁县烟草分公司,贵州威宁553100

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2017年第6期87-90,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为探明有机物料在改善烟田土壤微生态环境中的作用,促进烤烟优质生产,采用双因子裂区田间试验研究增施蘑菇渣和稻壳粉对土壤微生物数量及烤烟生长发育的影响。结果表明:单施蘑菇渣和稻壳粉较不施肥均可促进土壤微生物增殖,增强光合作用,增加烟叶干物质含量;有机氮肥+蘑菇渣和有机氮肥+稻壳粉较单施有机氮肥均可提高土壤微生物数量,其中,细菌、真菌、放线菌数量分别显著增加7.4倍和1.5倍、0.5倍和1.6倍、7.0倍和7.8倍,并显著提高净光合速率37.11%和40.08%,明显增加干物质含量24.20%和27.56%。施用有机物料能够不同程度地调节土壤微生态环境,促进烟株生长发育,利于烟田的可持续健康发展。The effects of applying mushroom quantity and growth of flue-cured tobacco were residue and rice hull powder on soil microorganism studied by a two-factor split block test to explore application of organic materials in improvement of soil micro-ecological environment and promote production of high quality flue-cured tobacco. Results. Applying mushroom residue or rice hull powder can promote proliferation of soil microorganism, raise photosynthesis and increase dry matter content of fluecured tobacco compared with the no fertilizing treatment. Applying organic nitrogen＋ mushroom residue or organic nitrogen ＋ rice hull powder can increase soil microorganism quantity compared with applying organic nitrogen and the bacteria amount, fungi amount, and actinomycetes amount of soil applied with the organic nitrogen ＋ mushroom residue and organic nitrogen＋ rice hull powder increase by 7.4 and 1.5 times, 0.5 and 1.6 times, 7.0 and 7.8 times compared with applying organic nitrogen respectively. The net photosynthetic rate and dry matter content of flue-cured tobacco applied with the organic nitrogen ＋ mushroom residue and organic nitrogen＋ rice hull powder are 37. 11% and 40. 08%, and 24. 20% and 27.56% compared with applying organic nitrogen respectively. Applying organic materials can adjust soil micro-biological environment to varying degrees and promote growing development of flue-cured tobacco plants, which is beneficial to sustainable and healthy development of tobacco field.

关 键 词：有机物料 烤烟 微生物 干物质 光合作用 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]