青藏高原北麓河地区植被生长季风速及风向的时空分布特征  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Wind Speed and Direction in Beiluhe Region,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during Vegetation Growth Season

作　　者：马丽[1] 徐满厚[1] 贾燕燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西晋中030619

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2017年第6期145-149,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究计划项目"气候变暖背景下吕梁山生态脆弱区植被多样性的空间分异"(2016021136);山西省哲学社会科学规划课题"山西吕梁连片特困区生态环境质量评价"[晋规办字(2015)3];山西省高等学校科技创新项目"吕梁山亚高山草甸植被多样性及对气候变暖响应"[晋教科(2016)4];山西省高等学校重点学科建设项目"山西省连片特困区生态环境质量与社会经济发展研究--以吕梁山区为例"[晋教研函(2016)4]

摘　　要：为青藏高原区域在全球气候变化下风能资源的有效利用以及生态环境保护提供科学依据,以位于青藏高原腹地的北麓河地区为研究对象,定位观测该地植被生长季不同月份(5月、6月、7月、8月和9月)、不同年份(2012年、2013年)和不同高度(0.5m、1.0m、2.0m和4.0m)的风速、风向变化,建立该区植被生长季的风速廓线方程和风向玫瑰图,探讨青藏高原北麓河地区植被生长季风速、风向的时空分布特征。结果表明:1)2012年5月的平均风速(3.15m/s)显著高于6月(2.6m/s)、7月(2.67m/s)、8月(2.46m/s)和9月(2.45m/s),风速随月份推后呈降低趋势;2013年不同月份间风速差异较大,风速随月份推后呈增大趋势。2)风速与高度呈显著的指数函数关系(y=2.15e^(0.118x),R2=0.95,P<0.05),且在植被生长季中期(7月)略高于前期(5—6月)和末期(8—9月)。3)青藏高原北麓河地区存在6个频率较高的风向,分别为SE、SSE、S、SSW、SW和WSW,风速在2.5~5m/s。The wind speed profile equation and wind rose in Beijihe region located in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet plateau are built by observing change of wind speed and wind direction in different months （from May to September）, years （in 2012 and 2013） and heights （0.5 m, 1.0 m, 2.0 m and 4.0 m above the vegetation） to discuss the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of wind speed and direction during vegetation growth season and to provide the scientific basis for effective utilization of wind energy resources and protection of ecological environment in Qinghai-Tibet plateau region under global climate change. Results： 1）The average wind speed in May, 2012 is 3. 15 m/s, significantly higher than June （2.6 m/s） , July （2.67 m/s）, August （2.46 m/s） and September （2.45 m/s）, which indicates the wind speed shows a declining trend from May to September. There is a great difference in wind speed among different months in 2013 and the wind speed shows a increase trend from May to September. 2） There is a significant exponential relation（y=2.15e^0.118x,R^2 =0.95 and P〈0.05） between wind speed and height,and the exponential relation between wind speed and height in July is slightly higher than during May-June and during August-September. 3） Six wind direction with higher frequency are SE, SSE, S, SSW, SW and WSW respectively and the wind speed is 2.5-5 m/s in Beijihe region, Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

关 键 词：北麓河地区 植被生长季 风速 风向 

分 类 号：S161.7[农业科学—农业气象学]