东方学背景下的敦煌学  

Dunhuang Studies in the Background of Orientalism

作　　者：刘进宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学历史系,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2017年第3期8-15,共8页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：浙江大学"中央双一流专项资金资助"

摘　　要："敦煌学"一词,一般都认为是陈寅恪于1930年首先提出的,后来发现日本学者石滨纯太郎于1925年使用"敦煌学"的材料。从敦煌学的发展、影响、实际效果和"敦煌学"一词的术语化过程来看,说陈寅恪是"敦煌学"的首创者是没有问题的。需要正视的是,在陈寅恪之前,石滨纯太郎已经使用了"敦煌学"一词。因而有必要探讨敦煌学出现的背景,即当时国际学术的潮流是东方学,而东方学又是在西方对东方的侵略或占领下逐渐形成的一门学科,具有殖民主义的成分。虽然东方学是殖民主义的产物,敦煌学也是在西方殖民背景下提出的,但不能因为提出的背景而否认其科学价值。Regarding the origin of the term ＂Dunhuang Studies,＂ it is generally believed that Chen Yinke first proposed the term in 1930, though it was later found that Japanese scholar Ishihama Juntaro used ＂Dun- huang Studies＂ manuscripts as references in 1925. From relevant historical recordings, we can find that Chen Yinke neither saw Ishihama Juntaro＇s speech on ＂Dunhuang Studies＂ nor knew that the Japanese scholar had begun to use ＂Dunhuang Studies＂ at that time or even later. From the perspective of the development, influ- ence, actual effect, and terminological process of the word ＂Dunhuang Studies,＂ there is no doubt that Chen Yinke is the pioneer of Dunhuang Studies. What needs to be addressed, however, is that the term ＂Dunhuang Studies＂ had already been used before either Chen Yinke or Ishihama Juntaro, a fact which necessitates further exploration of the background of ＂Dunhuang Studies.＂ The author emphasizes that Orientalism was a subject of international academia formed at a time when the East was under Western occupation and thus shows clear colonialist elements. Although Orientalism is the product of colonialism, ＂Dunhuang Studies＂ naturally be- longing to this context as well, the scientific value of the discipline cannot be denied simply because of its back- ground.

关 键 词：敦煌学 陈寅恪 石滨纯太郎 东方学 

分 类 号：K107.8[历史地理—历史学] K870.6[历史地理—世界史]