青藏高原特种盐湖与深部火山-地热水的相关性  

Metallogenic correlation of special salt lake and hydrotherm, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

作　　者：雒洋冰[1] 郑绵平[1] 任雅琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,国土资源部盐湖资源与环境重点实验室,北京100037

出　　处：《科技导报》2017年第12期44-48,共5页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合重点基金项目(U1407027);中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(1212011085524)

摘　　要：青藏高原特种盐湖形成于陆-陆碰撞带,高原深部熔融物质,自第三纪形成始至第四纪时期以来,以火山-地热水形式向上地壳表层携出大量B、Li、Cs等成分。昂拉陵地区是青藏高原盐湖特殊组分Li、B、K、Cs、Rb含量最高的区域,郑绵平等首次在该区域发现中新世火山-沉积二元结构,火山后期与热液活动成为青藏高原盐湖特殊组分的主要来源。青藏高原第四纪地热水分布广泛,全区由南往北划分为5条地热带,其中狮泉河-雅鲁藏布地热带(Ⅰ)、班公湖-怒江地热带(Ⅱ)、贵德-南祁连地热带(Ⅳ),地热水中富含B、Li、Cs、Rb、As,这3条地热带周围分布的盐湖中也富集这些元素。青藏高原特种盐湖中B、Li、Cs、Rb、As等元素含量,湖泊水化学带、地热带的特征系数,Rb/Cs、Ni/Co系数以及同位素值,与一般盐湖、海水中不同,而与该区域地热水中相同;同时,特种盐湖水化学特征与地热带中特征具有较好的对应关系。青藏高原盐湖各补给水源中地热水的Li、B、K、Rb、Cs元素含量最高。综上表明,青藏高原特种盐湖中富集的Li、B、Cs等元素,与火山-地热水具有很高的相关性。The Qinghai-Tibet plateau special salt lakes are formed in the collision zone between two continental plates. The deep mohen material of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, since the tertiary formation and quaternary period, enjoys its unique composition （B, Li, Cs, As, K） diffused to upper crust sur-hce in the torm of hot water. The salt lakes in the Huan＇ang area contain the highest contents of B, K, Cs, Rb in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Zheng et al. for the first time found the Miocene volcanic sedimentary dual structure, with the volcanic and hydrothennal activities as the main source of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau special components in the salt lake. The hot water in the Qinghai- Tibet plateau is widely distributed, the tropical geothermal water from south to north is divided into five kinds. The hot water in the tropical Shiquan river-Brahmaputra and the tropical Bangonghu-Nujiang and Guide-south Qilian, is rich in B, Li, Cs, Rb, and As. The salt lakes distributed surrounding these three tropical regions are also rich in these elements. The contents of Li, Cs, Rb, As and U elements, the chemical characteristics of the lake and ground water, the Rb/Cs and Ni/Co coefficients and the isotopic values in special salt lakes are different from those in the general salt lake and sea water, but are the same as those of the geothermal water in this area. At the same time, the water chemical characteristics of special salt lake and hot waters have a good corresponding relation. All water supplies of the Qinghai- Tibet plateau salt lake and hot water contain the highest level of Li, B, K, Rb and Cs elements. In conclusion, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau special salt lakes are rich in Li, K and B elements and have a high correlation with the geothermal water.

关 键 词：青藏高原 特种盐湖 地热水 成矿相关性 

分 类 号：P31[天文地球—固体地球物理学] TS32[天文地球—地球物理学]