2001—2015年新疆克拉玛依市肺结核病流行特征及防治效果分析  

Epidemic characteristics and control effect of tuberculosis in Karamay city,Xinjiang from 2001 to 2015

作　　者：杨芳玲[1] 苟先梅 林彬[1] 屈艳红[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆克拉玛依市疾病预防控制中心,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2017年第3期8-11,40,共5页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的了解2001—2015年新疆克拉玛依市结核病流行特征及防治效果,为完善防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集2001—2015年克拉玛依市活动性肺结核病病人相关资料,回顾性分析全市结核病疫情、流行特征及防治效果。结果 2001—2015年克拉玛依市共登记活动性肺结核病病人2 340例,活动性病人及新涂阳病人平均登记率分别为45.18/10万(χ~2=188.88)和18.79/10万(χ~2=15.76),下降了61.34%和62.60%,呈逐年下降趋势(P<0.01);活动性病人中,男性平均登记率(49.51/10万)高于女性(39.84/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=49.17,P<0.01),新涂阳病人年龄分布前三位为25岁~组、15岁~组和35岁~组,占新涂阳病人总数的64.44%,不同年龄组差异有统计学意义(χ~2=287.69,P<0.01);病人集中在工人,家政、家务及待业,农民工及离退休人员4类职业(70.47%),平均登记率最高为乌尔禾区81.11/10万,克拉玛依区病人占比最多(69.36%);涂阳病人总体治愈率为92.60%。结论克拉玛依市肺结核病疫情呈下降趋势,男性病人较多,青壮年人群高发,多集中在工人,外来务工者,家政、家务及待业和离退休人群,各区病人发现不平衡;全市结核病防治取得较好的效果,下一阶段应进一步加强定点医院结核病防治工作职责。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics and control effect of tuberculosis in Karamay city, Xinjiang from 2001 to 2015, to provide scientific basis for improving control strategy. Methods Data of tuberculosis cases were collected to carry out retrospective analysis of epidemic situation, characteristics and control effect in Karamay city.Results Totally 2 340 cases of active cases were reported in the whole city during 2001—2015. The registration rates of active and new sputum smear positive cases with pulmonary tuberculosis were 45.18/100 000（χ~2=188.88） and 18.79/100 000（χ~2=15.76）, showing decrease tendency year by year（P〈0.01）. Out of the active patients, the average registration rate was higher in the male（49.51/100 000） than in the female（39.84/100 000）, with statistical difference（χ~2=49.17, P〈0.01）. Three age groups of 25 years-, 15 years-and 35 years-accounted for 64.44% of the total number of cases, also with statistical difference（χ~2=287.69, P〈0.01）. The patients were workers, housekeeping, house-worker, job-waiting, farmers and retirees, accounting for 70.47%. The average registration rate was the highest of 81.11/100 000 in Urho district, while the proportion of patients was the most of 69.36% in Karamay district. The average cure rate of smear positive patients was 92.60%. Conclusions The epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis shows decrease tendency in Karamay city, with the most cases in the male,young crowd, workers, migrant workers, housekeeping, house-worker, job-waiting and retired population. There is imbalance of case finding among districts. Control effect is good in the city. And control duty should be reinforced in the fixed hospitals.

关 键 词：肺结核病 流行特征 防治效果 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]