瓦松种子与花粉的扫描电镜观察  

Scanning Electron Microscope Observation on Seed and Pollen of Orostachys fimbriatus

作　　者：赵振华[1,2] 张玉[1,2] 石晓晨[1,2] 马云[1,2] 冯梦影 李成[1] 张永清[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学药学院,山东济南250355 [2]山东省高校中药资源学重点实验室,山东济南250355

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2017年第6期64-67,共4页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项"我国水生;耐盐中药资源的合理利用研究"(201407002);国家科技重大专项"中药与天然药物活性物质高效分离纯化单元技术平台"(2010ZX09401-302-5-12);山东省中医药科技发展计划项目"东阿县中药资源普查"(2015-045)

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜及扫描电镜对瓦松[Orostachys fimbriatus(Turcz.)Berger]种子及其花粉的颜色、形状、长度、宽度、微形态及表面纹饰等方面进行观察测量,并通过查阅相关文献和书籍进行描述,为瓦松种子和花粉形态学研究提供参考依据。结果表明,瓦松种子平均千粒重为0.051 07 g,外观呈棕黄色,纺锤形,两端大小不等,平均长862.36μm,平均宽384.53μm;表皮有较清晰的网状纹理。瓦松花粉粒整体呈长球形,极面观为深三裂球形,极轴平均长12.16μm,赤道面观为长球形,赤道轴平均长27.83μm,形态指数(P/E)为2.28;成熟的花粉粒呈金黄色,角萌发孔,三孔沟较明显,沟缘较光滑,外壁分两层约等厚;表面具十分清晰的大小不一且不规则多边形网状纹饰。To provide references for morphological study of Orostachys fimbriatus seed and pollen,the color,shape,length,width,micro-morphological features and surface ornamentation of Orostachys fimbriatus seed and pollen were observed and measured using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope,and the morphology of seed and pollen were described by consulting the related literature and books. The results indicated that for the seed of Orostachys fimbriatus,the average thousand seed weight was 0. 051 07 g,the color was brown,the shape was fusiform,the sizes of two ends were unequal,the average length was 862. 36μm,the average width was 384. 53 μm,the skin had more clear mesh texture. For the pollen of Orostachys fimbriatus,the grains were prolate,the polar view was deep three split spherical with the average length of the polar axis as 12. 16 μm,the equatorial plane was prolate with the average length of the equator as 27. 83 μm,the morphological index（ P/E） was 2. 28; the mature pollen grain was golden yellow,angulaperturate,obvious tricolporate with smooth channel edge and approximately equal thickness for the two layers of outer wall;the ornamentation of surface was clear,disunity size,irregular polygonal and reticulate.

关 键 词：瓦松 花粉 种子 光学显微镜 扫描电子显微镜 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]