热带山地雨林3个演替阶段幼树叶片特征比较  

Comparison of Leaf Characteristics Among Three Successional Stages' Species of Tropical Montane Rain Forest

作　　者：张明[1] 刘福德[2] 安树青[3] 曹学章[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]南京大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210093 [3]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2017年第2期7-12,57,共7页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(重要生态功能区退化生态系统修复模式研究与应用示范;201409055)

摘　　要：在海南岛热带山地雨林的演替早期、中期和后期样地共选择30个物种,应用Li-6400光合测定系统测量其光合作用的光响应曲线。计算得出最大光合速率(Amax)、光补偿点(LCP)、表观量子效率(Ф)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)。并测量叶片的比叶面积(SLA)、氮(LN)和磷(LP)含量。结果表明:随着演替进行,最大光合速率(单位面积或单位重量)逐渐下降,次序为演替早期>演替中期>演替后期,但差异不显著(P>0.05);暗呼吸速率(单位面积或单位重量)和表观量子效率逐渐升高,差异也不显著(P>0.05);叶片的比叶面积、叶片氮含量和叶片磷含量都逐渐升高。3个演替阶段共有物种:子楝树(Decaspermum gracilentum)和鱼骨木(Canthium dicoccum)的单位干重最大光合速率、单位干重暗呼吸速率、比叶面积和叶片氮含量随演替进行而逐渐升高,次序为演替早期<演替中期<演替后期。整体上,单位干重最大光合速率和单位干重暗呼吸速率与比叶面积显著正相关(P<0.01);单位干重暗呼吸速率和光补偿点与叶片氮含量显著正相关(P<0.01)。在演替过程中,植物表现出了共同的形态反应,但子楝树和鱼骨木显示出不同的适应策略。Thirty species were selected from 3 successional stages in Hainan Island tropical montane rain forest, and their light re- sponse curves were measured using a Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The maximal photosynthesis rate （Amax） ,light com- pensation point （LCP）, apparent quantum yield （ q））, day-time dark respiration rate （Rd ） were calculated from these light response curves. And leaf nitrogen （LN）, leaf phosphorus （LP） and specific leaf area （SLA） of these species were also measured. The value of Amax （A-area, per unit leaf area, and A -mass, per unit leaf dry mass） gradually decreased in the progress of succession, had the order of early successional stage （ES） 〉 middle successional stage （MD） 〉 latter successional stage （KS） ,but no significant differ- ence exited （P 〉0.05） ;the value of Ra（ both Rd-area and Rd-mass） and q） were opposite,with the order of ES 〈 MS 〈 LS,and the differences were not significant （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The values of SLA ,LN and LP gradually increased in the progress of succession. But for Decaspermum gracilentum and Canthium dicoccum （common species of 3 successional stages） ,values of A-mass,Ra-mass,SLA and LN gradually increased in the progress, had the order of ES 〈 MS 〈 LS. For all species, A-massand Rd-mass were significantly and positively correlated with S/A （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, and Rd-mass and LCP were significantly and positively correlated with LN （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. In the progress of succession, most species show a common response in their physic-ecological characteristics, but Decaspermum graci- lentum and Canthium dicoccum adopt a different environment adaptive strategy.

关 键 词：热带山地雨林 群落演替 光响应曲线 比叶面积 叶片氮 叶片磷 海南岛 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]