广东省肇庆市2014年-2016年活禽市场外环境禽流感病毒污染状况分析  

Analysis of the environmental pollution status of avian influenza virus in live poultry market in Zhaoqing,Guangdong from 2014 to 2016

作　　者：程洁萍 谭翰清[1] 朱颖梅[1] 谭海芳[1] 林凤[1] 黄强[1] 

机构地区：[1]肇庆市疾病预防控制中心,广东肇庆526060

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2017年第12期1799-1802,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金(A2015573);肇庆市科技创新计划项目(2015E1810)

摘　　要：目的分析广东省肇庆市活禽市场外环境禽流感污染状况,为人禽流感科学防治提供依据。方法 2014年-2016年随机选取肇庆市9个县市区活禽市场进行外环境采样,开展甲型流感和H5、H7、H9亚型实时荧光RT-PCR监测,对结果进行统计分析。结果 2014年-2016年共采集4 269份外环境样本,甲型流感和H5、H7、H9亚型核酸总阳性率分别为28.77%、5.43%、5.39%、15.44%;甲型流感在每年1月出现一个高峰;封开县未检出H7亚型,怀集县、四会市、鼎湖区H7亚型检出数较高;在不同类型的标本中,宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面的甲型流感、H5及H7核酸阳性率最高(37.60%、12.22%、7.40%);外环境H7亚型检出较多的地区与H7N9病例分布呈正相关(r=0.701,P<0.05)。结论广东省肇庆市2014年-2016年活禽市场外环境禽流感病毒污染程度呈现季节性分布,不同样本类型分布状况不同,H7亚型的污染严重程度与H7N9病例感染分布呈正相关。Objective To understand outer environment pollution of avian influenza virus from live poultry markets in Zhaoqing during 2014 -2016, so as to provide scientific reference for the prevention of human avian influenza virus. Methods Swab samples were randomly collected from live poultry markets from 9 countries or districts in Zhaoqing during 2014 -2016. Influen- za A, H5, H7 and H9 subtypes were monitored by real - time fluorescent RT - PCR, and the results were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 4 269 environmental samples were collected and tested from 2014 to 2016. The overall positive rate of avian influenza A virus and H5, H7, H9 subtypes were 28.77% , 5.43% , 5.39% and 15.44% , respectively. An epidemiological peak of avian influenza A was observed in January annually. H7 subtype was not detected in Fengkai country. Higher positive rates of H7 subtype were observed in Huaiji, Sihui and Dinghu. Slaughter poultry chopping board surface had the highest posi- tive rate for avian influenza A virus and H5, H7 subtypes（37.60%, 12.22%, 7.40% ）. There was a positive correlation （ r = 0. 701 ,P 〈0.05 ） between the distribution of H7N9 human infection cases and the areas with high positive rate of H7 subtype. Conclusion The pollution of avian influenza virus in live poultry markets of Zhaoqing presented seasonal distribution during 2014 -2016. It showed different positive rates in different types of samples. The degree of contamination of H7 subtypes has a positive correlation with the H7N9 human infection cases.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 活禽市场 污染状况分析 实时荧光逆转录PCR反应 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]