燃油系统参数匹配优化对船用柴油机性能影响及试验研究  

Optimization of Parameters of Fuel Injection System for Improving Performance of Marine Diesel Engine and Corresponding Experimental Tests

作　　者：徐虎[1,2] 孙思远[1,2] 黄加亮[1,2] 王丹[3] 尹自斌[1,2] 黄朝霞[4] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学轮机工程学院,厦门361021 [2]福建省船舶与海洋工程重点实验室,厦门361021 [3]大连海事大学轮机工程学院,大连116026 [4]集美大学理学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《中国造船》2017年第2期199-209,共11页Shipbuilding of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279066);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2017J01486)

摘　　要：采用试验与仿真结合的方法研究电控化改造对柴油机性能的影响。分别用AMESim和AVL_FIRE仿真软件建立燃油喷射系统模型与柴油机缸内燃烧高压循环模型,以喷油压力为优化目标对喷油参数进行匹配,并将优化结果代入到燃烧模型中计算分析。以优化结果为基础进行台架试验,分析电控化改造对柴油机经济性和排放性的影响。研究结果表明,对于15mm×2.5mm×0.40 mm/°CA×0.30mm×900mm(柱塞直径×油管直径×凸轮型线速率×喷孔直径×油管长度)的组合(试验号8),喷油压力相对于原机提高了40.2%。试验号8的台架试验表明:油耗率有所降低,且在低速低负荷工况下油耗率降低较显著;对于NOx排放,电控化改造后试验号8的NOx排放浓度在负荷特性工况和推进特性工况下相对于原机平均降幅分别在50%以上。In order to enhance the performance of a diesel engine, modification of electronic control of the fuel injection system in the engine is studied through both of experiment and simulation. Simulation models for the fuel injection system and high pressure circulation in the diesel engine cylinder are established separately by using software AMESim and AVL_FIRE. Injection pressure is taken as an optimal object to match the parameters of the injection system, and then the optimal solution will be introduced into the combustion model for further calculation. Experiment is carried out to analyze the influence of the electronic-controlled system on the performances in economic and emission. It is shown that the pressure of fuel injection is enhanced by 40.2%, while the overall reduction in fuel consumption and fuel consumption rate decreases significantly in low speed and low load conditions, and concentration of NOx emission is reduced by 50% under the load condition and propulsion condition.

关 键 词：柴油机 燃油喷射系统 参数匹配 油耗率 NOX排放 

分 类 号：U664.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] TK421[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]