铸钢叶轮淬火温度场和应力场模拟及优化  

Numerical Simulation of Temperature and Stress Fields and Parameter Optimization of Cast Steel Impeller During Quenching Process

作　　者：魏昂[1] 鲁宁斌[1] 焦修勤[1] 黄睿[1] 徐芸[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所,陕西兴平713102

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2017年第12期182-185,共4页Hot Working Technology

摘　　要：利用有限元分析软件对铸钢叶轮淬火过程进行模拟,分析工件在结构改进前淬火过程中的温度场和应力场的变化情况,直观得到淬火工件内部的温度及应力变化规律。结构改进前,温度的最大值自始至终集中在叶轮轴端的内部厚大处,此处与相对应的表面在冷却过程中的温度下降速率存在较大差异,导致淬火后叶轮轴端外表面处存在较大热应力进而可能引起叶轮开裂。模拟分析表明:在保持其它条件不变的情况下,对叶轮的结构进行优化改进。改进后模拟结果显示,叶轮轴端内部的厚大处温度下降明显,内外表面的温度差明显缩小,最大应力则出现在叶片与前盖板的倒角处,且应力值与改进前相比明显降低,淬火开裂倾向大大减轻。经生产实际验证,改进后的叶轮未出现开裂现象。The finite element analysis software was used to simulate the quenching process of cast steel impeller. The temperature and stress fields during quenching process of impeller were analyzed before its structure was improved, and the temperature and stress distribution were obtained directly. Before the impeller structure was improved, the maximum temperature always was in the thick inside of impeller shaft. And there was a big difference in temperature drop rate between the inside and surface of impeller shaft in the cooling process, leading to a large thermal stress in the surface of impeller shaft, which may cause the cracking of the impeller. The simulation shows that the structure of the impeller is optimized in terms of other conditions unchanged, the improved simulation results show that the temperature in the thick inside of impeller shaft drop significantly, and the temperature difference between inside and surface of impeller shaft decreases obviously, the maximum stress appears in the chamfer between the blade and the front cover plate, and the value of stress is lower than the unimproved one, thus the cracking tendency of the impeller is greatly reduced. No cracking was found in the improved impeller during production.

关 键 词：叶轮 淬火 温度场 应力场 

分 类 号：TG156.3[金属学及工艺—热处理]