核燃料后处理厂钚的水解聚合及应对措施  

The Hydrolysis and Polymerization of Plutonium and Countermeasures in Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Plants

作　　者：张春龙[1,2] 朱礼洋[1] 何辉[1] 洪哲[2] 刘新华[2] 赵善桂[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《核科学与工程》2017年第3期464-469,共6页Nuclear Science and Engineering

摘　　要：核燃料后处理是提取钚的重要途径,钚在后处理PUREX工艺流程中主要以溶液形式存在。钚溶液化学行为非常复杂,工艺运行过程中疏忽或瞬间不稳定的条件都有可能导致钚的水解和聚合。而聚合物一旦形成就很难破坏,会严重干扰萃取分离等工艺指标,同时也会导致潜在的工业安全问题和核临界安全风险。本文介绍了钚水解聚合领域的研究结果,结合核燃料后处理工艺的特点,分析了钚水解聚合的影响因素和安全风险,并提出了应对措施。Nuclear fuel reprocessing is the most important approaching to extract plutonium,aqueous solutions of plutonium is the primary formation in PUREX process.The chemistry of plutonium is very complex,any unstable transient conditions of reprocessing plant and inattentive action will lead to hydrolysis and polymerization of plutonium.While the polymer of plutonium once formed,it was very difficult to depolymerize,and it will affect the processing targets of separation seriously,and meanwhile it also will induce industrial safety problems and nuclear criticality safety risk potentially.In this paper, the research results of plutonium hydrolysis and polymerization were introduced,and the influencing factors and safety risks of plutonium hydrolytic polymerization were analyzed according to the characteristics of nuclear fuel reprocessing process and the countermeasures were put forward.

关 键 词：核燃料后处理 钚 水解 聚合 

分 类 号：TL242[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料]