苯并[a]芘暴露对06岁儿童智力发育的影响  

Effect of exposure to benzo[a]pyrene on children′s mental development

作　　者：唐强虎 涂白杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院劳动卫生与环境卫生教研室,重庆400016 [2]重庆医科大学健康领域社会风险预测治理协同创新中心,重庆400016

出　　处：《保健医学研究与实践》2017年第3期10-13,17,共5页Health Medicine Research and Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81372957)

摘　　要：目的通过监测重庆市主城区空气中苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)浓度,结合使用标准化修订版丹佛智力发育筛查表(DDST)筛查出的06岁儿童早期智力发育异常情况,探讨B[a]P暴露与儿童智力发育损害的效应关系。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定空气中B[a]P浓度,并根据浓度均值梯度将相应区域分为高、中、低污染区域及对照区域;分别在每个区域内选取06岁儿童为高、中、低暴露组及对照组研究对象,共计467名。采用自制的儿童一般情况调查表收集调查对象的一般资料,用DDST评估儿童的智力发育情况。结果距离污染源越远,空气中B[a]P浓度越低(F=2 014.38,P<0.01)。初筛发现智力发育可疑/异常的儿童54例(11.6%)。高、中、低暴露组及对照组儿童的智力发育可疑/异常检出率分别为15.6%,12.8%,10.7%及7.0%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=4.444,P=0.217)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:儿童智力发育的主要影响因素有空气中B[a]P的浓度、平时有无香烟烟雾暴露情况以及母亲文化程度。结论 B[a]P暴露可能会对06岁儿童的智力发育产生损害效应,这可为今后研究B[a]P对儿童神经发育的毒性作用提供依据。Objective To explore damaging effect of exposure to benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） on children＇s mental development through monitoring the concentration of BaP in the air of Chongqing urban area, considering the situation that children of 0-6 years old with abnormal mental development, which screened out by standardized revision of Denver Developmental Screening Table （DDST）. Methods Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography （HPLC） method to monitor the concentration of BaP in the air and according to the average gradient of concentration divided the area into high pollution area, medium pollution area and low pollution area and control area correspondingly; a total of 467 children aged 0 to 6 years old were selected respectively from each area for high, medium and low exposure group and control group as the objects of study. Using self-designed children general situation questionnaire to obtain general information and DDST was adopted to assess childrenrs mental development. Results the farther from the pollution sources, the lower concentration of the BaP in the air（F=2 014.38,P〈0.01）. The preliminary screen found that 54 cases （11.6%） with suspicious/ abnormal mental development, among which detection rate of high exposure group, medium exposure group and low exposure group and control group was 15.6%, 12.8%, 10.7% and 7.0%, and the difference was not statistically significant （χ^2=4.444, P ： 0. 217）. The logistic regression analysis results showed that the main influencing factors of children＇s mental development were the concentration of tAaP in the air, at ordinary times whether exposure to cigarette smoke or not and mother＇s cultural quality. Conclusion Bal2 exposure may have damage effect on 0 to 6 year-old children＇s mental development, and this can be evidence for the future study the toxic effects of BaP on children＇s neural development.

关 键 词：苯并[A]芘 儿童 智力发育 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]