北京市出租车司机心理健康状况及影响因素研究  

A survey on Beijing taxi drivers' mental health status and influencing factors

作　　者：石孟磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京社会心理研究所,北京100473

出　　处：《保健医学研究与实践》2017年第3期22-24,28,共4页Health Medicine Research and Practice

基　　金：北京市市级财政项目(京财科文指[2016]95号)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市出租车司机心理健康状况及其影响因素,为提升出租车司机的心理健康水平提供理论依据。方法采用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)中的心理健康子量表以及相关自编问卷,于2013年12月对北京市620名出租车司机进行问卷调查。结果被试心理健康子量表总得分为74.40±7.79,其中正向情绪维度得分为25.52±6.52,心理症状与负向情绪维度得分为31.66±8.27,认知功能维度得分为17.24±4.42。其中,4049岁组被试心理健康子量表总得分显著低于2029岁组及3039岁组被试,而未婚与已婚组被试心理健康子量表总得分及其心理症状与负向情绪维度得分均显著高于离异或丧偶组被试,每日出车时长为810h组被试的心理健康子量表总得分及正向情绪维度得分显著低于每日出车时长为8h以内组与10h以上组被试,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。驾龄与职业满意度对被试心理健康子量表总得分有正向预测作用(P<0.05),每日出车时长为810h、年龄3039岁、婚姻状况为离异或丧偶对被试心理健康子量表总得分具有负向预测作用(P<0.05)。结论北京市出租车司机的心理健康状况不容乐观,年龄、婚姻状况、驾龄、职业满意度等变量是其心理健康状况的重要影响因素。Objective To explore the mental health status of taxi drivers in Beijing and its influencing factors and provide theoretical basis for improving psychological health level of taxi drivers. Methods In Beijing 620 taxi drivers were surveyed with the Self Rated Health Measurement Scale （SRHMS） and other self-edited questionnaires in December 2013. Results The total score of sub-scales of the taxi drivers＇ mental health was 74.40＋7.79. The score of positive emotion dimension was 25.52±6.523 the score of psychological symptoms and negative emotion dimension was 31.66~8.27 and the score of cognitive function was 17.24±4.42. The total score of group aged 40-49 years was significantly lower than those in group aged 20-29 years and group aged 30-39 years （P〈0.05）. The total score and the score of psychological symptoms and negative emotion dimension of unmarried and married group was significantly higher than that of the divorced or widowed group （P〈0.05）.The total scores of sub-scales and positive emotion dimension of drivers who working for 8-10 h were lower than drivers who works less than 8 h or more than 10 h a day, and the difference was significant （P〈0.05）. Driving years and profession satisfaction have positive predicative effect on the total score of the sub-scales of mental health. Working duration of 8-10 h, age between 30-39 years, marital status （divorced or widowed） have negative predieative effect on the total scores of sub-scales of mental health （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The mental health status of taxi drivers is not optimistic and the variables such as age, marital status, driving years and profession satisfaction are important factors of mental health.

关 键 词：出租车司机 心理健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]