耐盐复合菌剂强化生物工艺处理高盐废水的快速启动  

Quick start of high saline wastewater biological treatment technology strengthened by composite salt-tolerant microbe

作　　者：姜超[1,2] 隋倩雯[1] 陈梅雪[1] 柴玉峰[3] 张岚[3] 柳蒙蒙[1,2] 张兆昌 杨金 魏源送[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [4]北京维奥思环境工程有限公司,北京100097

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第7期3929-3935,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21577161;41501513)

摘　　要：从城市污水处理厂的活性污泥中驯化分离出2株耐盐高效菌:地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)O1和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)Y5制备复合菌剂,用于高盐生活污水生物处理工艺快速启动研究。研究表明,在SBR系统中连续投加复合菌剂(制备的配比为1∶1),在30 d完成快速启动(TOC去除率>85%),并且在整个启动过程中,TOC的去除率都能够稳定保持在80%左右,而负载复合菌剂填料的投入可获得更稳定的出水水质。通过高通量测序与OTU分类,高盐废水的配入使得活性污泥微生物群落结构发生显著改变,并且在工艺启动后,所投加的耐盐高效菌O1和Y5在活性污泥微生物总量中所占比例由1.31%升高至6.13%,说明O1和Y5能够在小试SBR中长期存留,并逐渐成为优势种属之一。The composite salt-tolerant microbe was prepared by the two sah-tolerant bacteria species： Bacillus licheniformis O1 and Bacillus subtilis Y5, which were isolated from the active sludge of a sewage treatment plant. The complex salt-tolerant microorganisms were inoculated into a high saline wastewater biological treatment sys- tem in order to quick start. The results demonstrated that a 1 ： 1 ratio was best suited to the preparation of the composite salt-tolerant microbe, through repeatedly dosing 10% （wt%） of composite salt-tolerant microbe, which could help lab-scale sequencing batch reactor （SBR） complete the start-up （TOC removal rate 〉 85% ） within 30 days. During the whole start-up period, the removal ratio of TOC was kept at 80% , and the inputting of carri- ers loaded with the composite salt-tolerant microbe stabilized the treatment efficiency. High-throughput sequencing and an operational taxonomic unit classification showed that the composite salt-tolerant microbe inoculating was responsible for the proportion of O1 and Y5 of the total activated sludge microorganisms increasing from 1.31 to 6. 13% after the process began, indicating that O1 and Y5 had achieved a long-term retention in the lab-scale SBR, and had gradually become the dominant genera.

关 键 词：高盐废水 耐盐复合菌剂 快速启动 高通量测序 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]