甘蔗渣抑尘剂的微波聚合制备及性能表征  

Characterization and preparation of bagasse dust suppressant by microwave induced polymerization

作　　者：王永慧[1] 贾志超[1] 蒋林天 付熠轩 于泊蕖[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学化学与环境科学学院,保定071002

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第7期4202-4209,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：河北大学化学与环境科学学院第三批大学生"挑战杯"科技竞赛培育项目;河北大学校级创新创业项目(2015069);河北省创新创业计划项目(201610075103)

摘　　要：以聚乙烯醇为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,氢氧化铝为交联剂,丙三醇为塑化剂,在微波反应器中制备聚乙烯醇接枝纤维素基甘蔗渣抑尘剂。通过正交实验和极差法确定了影响粘度和保水性的显著因素分别是单体质量、温度和交联剂的用量。采用SEM、FT-IR对综合性能最佳的抑尘剂进行结构表征,观察到其表面平整,结构致密,接枝成功。自制抑尘剂与4种市售抑尘剂对比结果显示,自制抑尘剂粘度达到23.95 mm^2·s^(-1),55.13 h内都能保持含水率在4%以上,在抗压性、抗雨水冲刷性、抗风蚀性、耐寒耐热性和渗透性等技术指标及经济性方面均优于市售产品,市场前景较好。Using polyvinyl alcohol as a monomer, ammonium persulfate as an initiator, Al（OH）3 as a crosslink- ing agent, and glycerol as a plasticizer, polyvinyl alcohol grafted cellulosic bagasse dust suppressant was synthesized by microwave-induced grafting polymerization. By an orthogonal experiment and range analysis, the mono- mer mass, reaction temperature, and crosslinking agent dosage were determined to be the main factors affecting the viscosity and water-retaining ability. The morphology and structure of the grafted polymer were determined u- sing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the poly- mer surface is smooth, with a dense structure, and that the graft reaction is successful. Compared to commercial products, self-made bagasse dust suppressant （viscosity ： 23.95 mm2 · s^-1, retention time of moisture content a- bove 4% ： 55. 13 h） was economical and showed good technical performance in terms of permeability, thermosta- bility, resistance to rain scouring, wind, freeze, etc. , which make it a good market prospect.

关 键 词：甘蔗渣 正交实验 微波接枝反应 抑尘剂 性能表征 

分 类 号：TD714.4[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]