基于FDS+Evac和Pathfinder的服装厂建筑火灾模拟研究  

Fire Simulation of Garment Factory Based on FDS+Evac and Pathfinder

作　　者：张议丹[1] 宋文华[1] 常力[1,2] 何欣[1] 谢飞 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学环境与化学工程学院,天津300387 [2]河北省公安消防总队保定支队,河北保定071000 [3]天津市公安消防总队,天津300090

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期91-94,共4页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(10ZCGYSF01600)

摘　　要：为了更好的规划人员疏散路线,组织有效疏散,减少人员伤亡,为火灾风险评估、性能化设计及人员疏散提供强大的技术支持,利用FDS+Evac和Pathfinder疏散软件对服装厂建筑内同一火灾场景下人员疏散进行了模拟,有效地避免了由于单一软件造成的片面性,同时比较2种软件存在的差异.结果表明,使用FDS+Evac软件模拟,撤出楼层所用的时间约为104 s,而使用Pathfinder模拟,撤出楼层所用的时间约为95 s,FDS+Evac考虑了就近原则,人员一般会考虑在离自己较近的出口撤出,但并没有考虑人员的反应时间及心理因素.在Pathfinder模拟中分析了个体行为,与现实情况比较相符,但不能选择最优出口,经分析得出:在服装厂火灾疏散模拟中,Pathfinder与现实更接近.In order to plan evacuation routes, organize effective evacuation, reduce casualties, provide technical support for fire risk assessment, using FDS＋Evac and Pathfinder simulation software to simulate the same fire scenario in garment factory. This can avoid the sidedness by using single simulation software.The differences between the two software was compared. The results showed that the time of evacuating from the floor is about 104 s using FDS＋Evac simulation software, and about 95 s using Pathfinder software. People usually choose the closer exit to go out. FDS ＋ Evac considers the proximity principle but does not consider people＇s reaction time and psychological factors. The individual behavior was analysed in Pathfinder software and agreed with the actual situation. But Pathfinder software could not choose the optimal exit. Pathfinder simulation is closer to the actual situation in fire evacuation simulation of the garment factory.

关 键 词：疏散模拟 火灾场景 服装厂 消防安全管理 

分 类 号：X956[环境科学与工程—安全科学]