从商标法域外适用和国际礼让看涉外定牌加工中的商标侵权问题  

Extraterritorial Application of the Trademark Law and the Comitas Gentiu Principle and Their Implication to Trademark Infringement Cases Related to International OEM

作　　者：张伟君[1] 张韬略[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学法学院,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期110-124,共15页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家知识产权局软科学项目(项目编号:SS16-A-04);教育部人文社科项目(项目编号:14YJC820077);上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题(项目编号:2014BFX002)

摘　　要：涉外定牌加工是在一国境内实施的商业行为。一国法院依据本国商标法对涉外定牌加工中的商标侵权行为加以禁止,并非属于该国商标法的域外适用,被告以本国商标法不应适用于域外销售行为作为侵权抗辩理由甚至请求排斥本国法院的管辖,难以成立。即便被告是受国外合法的注册商标权人的委托加工出口涉案商品,一国法院也无须根据"国际礼让"原则适用外国法而对国外的合法商标权予以尊重或礼让。只要坚持商标权地域性原则,我国法院在审理涉外定牌加工商标侵权纠纷案件中既没有必要寻求本国法的域外适用,也没有必要考虑外国法下的知识产权或保护外国权利人的利益,这样既可以保持法律规则的稳定性而不至于顾此失彼,又可以维护法律规则的公平性而不至于厚此薄彼。Some of the international O E M - r e l a t e d activities such as manufacture an d exportation are still commercial activities conducted within a jurisdiction. Therefore, Chinese courts？ application of Chinese trademark laws to prohibit O E M - r e l a t e d activities that are allegedly infringing a Chinese trademark cannot be classified as extraterritorial application of Chinese laws. Defe n d a n t s a r g u m e n t to exclude the application of Chinese laws an d the jurisdiction of the Chinese court can not be supported on the grounds that the relevant products are sold outside Ch i n a. E v e n w h e n O E M - r e l a t e d activities are consigned b y a trademark holder w h o s e trademark has been legally registered in foreign countries, Chinese courts do not have to apply the foreign laws to follow the “international comity （Comitas Gentiu）” principle. A s long as they abide the principle of territoriality of trademark rights, it is not necessary for Chinese courts to extraterritorially apply Chinese laws to O E M - r e l a t e d trademark infringement disputes, not to mention considering the protection of intellectual property rights or the interests of foreign rights holders under foreign laws.

关 键 词：美国商标法 涉外定牌加工 地域性原则 域外适用 国际礼让 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]