2015年我国部分地区育龄妇女健康素养水平及影响因素的分析  

Analysis on the health literacy and its influencing factors among women of childbearing age in some regions of China in 2015

作　　者：吕洋[1] 和海滨 高莉敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2017年第6期496-500,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：中国计划生育协会"生育关怀.创建幸福家庭--防治寄生虫促进健康行动"项目评估暨未来发展的研究(2040071420070)

摘　　要：目的本研究旨在了解育龄妇女健康素养状况并分析其影响因素,为提高育龄妇女健康素养提供合理化的建议。方法采取多阶段分层随机抽样方法,对全国25个试点地区6348名育龄妇女开展问卷调查,问卷以《中国居民健康素养调查问卷》为基础,根据育龄妇女特征进行适当修订。结果试点地区育龄妇女的健康素养具备率为15.60%,健康知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能的具备率分别为:47.54%、8.66%、12.85%。家庭月均纯收入的1000~1999,2000~4999,5000~9999,≥10 000元组(OR值分别为2.351、4.099、4.548、2.648)、家人中是否有从事医疗卫生方面工作(OR=1.591)和孩子个数为2、≥3个组(OR值分别为0.544、0.198)为影响育龄妇女健康素养的因素,育龄妇女健康素养水平随着月均纯收入的增加先升后降,孩子个数与健康素养水平呈反比。结论试点地区育龄妇女健康素养水平偏低,其中健康生活方式与行为方面素养较弱,健康知识和理念还没有转化为行动,应针对性地开展健康教育活动以提高其素养水平。Objective To understand status of health literacy among women of childbearing age and analyze their influencing factors, and to provide reasonable suggestions for improving their health literacy. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling was used, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among 6348 women of childbearing age in 25 pilot areas in China. The questionnaire was based on Chinese Residents＇ Health Literacy Questionnaire and was appropriately revised according to the characteristics of women of childbearing age. Results The health literacy rate of women of childbearing age in pilot areas was 15.60%. The rate of health knowledge and philosophy, healthy lifestyle and behavior, health skills were： 47.54%, 8.66%, 12. 85%. The family monthly net income 1000 - 1999, 2000 - 4999, 5000 - 9999, ≥ 10 000 yuan （ OR =2. 351, 4. 099, 4. 548, 2. 648 ） , whether family members were engaged in medical and health work （ OR = 1. 591 ） and the number of children （ OR = 0. 544, 0. 198 ） were the influencing factors for health literacy of women of childbearing age. The health literacy of women of childbearing age increased first and then decreased with the increase of family monthly net income, and the number of children was negative related with health literacy. Conclusion The health literacy of women of childbearing age in the pilot areas is low. The healthy lifestyle and behavior were weaker, because the health knowledge and concept could not he transformed into action. The health education activities should be carried out to improve their health literacy.

关 键 词：育龄妇女 健康素养 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R173[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]