就业多元化趋势下博士生教育改革研究  

A Study on the Reform of Doctoral Education under the Trend of Employment Diversification

作　　者：徐贞[1] 牛梦虎[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,博士研究生上海200062 [2]西安交通大学中国西部高等教育评估中心,西安710009

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2017年第9期64-71,共8页Research in Educational Development

摘　　要：随着知识经济社会的到来,博士就业多元化已经成为一种不可逆转的趋势。在学术界外部就业的博士比例不断攀升,并且带有理工科和男性博士更多流向学术界外部、博士生对职业能力的认识与用人单位需求存在偏差等鲜明特征。这种变化趋势在很大程度上受到学术界内部需求与供给失衡、学术界外部需求旺盛以及博士毕业生就业期望的变化等方面因素的影响。在这样的国际发展趋势下,我国博士生教育改革应该借鉴西方发达国家的成熟经验,积极拓展博士生教育的目标定位,加强博士生的可迁移能力训练,同时大力发展专业型博士学位。With the advent of knowledge economy society, doctor employment diversification has become an irreversible trend.The proportion of PhDs outside of academia is rising, and with the distinctive characteristics that most of science and engineering and male doctor flow to the outside of the academic community,the recognition of the professional ability of the doctoral students is different from the demand of the employer.This trend is largely influenced by factors such as internal demand and supply imbalances in academia, strong external demand in academia, and changes in employment expectations of doctoral graduates.In this international development trend, China＇s doctoral education reform should learn from the mature experience of Western developed countries,expand the goal of doctoral education actively, and strengthen the ability of doctoral -students,while developing professional doctoratevigorously.

关 键 词：就业多元化 博士生教育改革 国际比较 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]