春小麦新春31号种子活力与穗位和籽粒成熟度的关系  

Relationship between the Seed Vigor of the Spring Wheat Xinchun 31 and Ear Axis Position and Seed Maturity

作　　者：冯魁[1] 贾永红[2] 李琼[3] 田新年 张金汕[1] 迪里夏提.尔肯 刘俊[1] 石书兵[1] FENG Kui JIA Yonghong LI Qiong TIAN Xinnian ZHANG Jinshan DILIXIATI Erken LIU Jun SHI Shubing(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China Qitai County Wheat Experiment Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qitai, Xinjiang 8318003, China College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院奇台麦类试验站,新疆奇台831800 [3]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2017年第6期808-814,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研项目(201303002)

摘　　要：为确定新疆主栽春小麦品种新春31号的种子活力与穗位、成熟度的关系,分别在花后15d、20d、25d、30d、35d收获穗上部、中部和下部种子,测量种子长、宽、厚、千粒重等性状,并通过发芽实验分析发芽率、幼苗高度、干鲜重等种子活力指标。结果表明,花后35d收获的穗中部种子发芽率、发芽势均最高。在同一部位,随着收获期的延迟,种子长度、宽度、厚度、千粒重、幼苗干鲜重和种子活力指数呈明显的上升趋势,种子活力指数表现为中部穗位>下部穗位>上部穗位。经逐步回归分析,种子活力与千粒重和籽粒宽度的相关性最好,因此这两个指标可用作筛选高活力种子的主要指标。To explore the relationship between ear axis position,grain maturity and seed vigor of Xinjiang spring wheat variety Xinchun 31,the experiment was conducted with the randomized block design in the field.The seeds were harvested 15 d,20d,25 d,30d,35 dafter anthesis and separated according the position on the spike（upper,middle and bottom part of a panicle）,respectively.The characters,such as grain length,grain width,grain thickness,and thousand kernel weight,were measured.The seed vigor indices,such as germination rate,seedling length,and fresh and dry weight,were measured by seed germination analysis.The results showed that the seeds from the middle part of a panicle,harvested 35 dafter anthesis exhibited the highest germination rate and germination energy.With the delay of harvest time,the seeds from the same position of a panicle showed an increase trend in grain length,width,thickness,thousand kernel weight,seedling dry weight and vigor index（P 0.05）.The vigor index of different spike position ranked as the middlethe bottomthe upper.The stepwise regression analysis showed that seed vigor has the highest correlation with thousand kernelweight and grain width,and these two parameters are suggested as the main indices for seed vigor selection.

关 键 词：小麦穗位 成熟度 物理性状 种子活力 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311