广西野生蕉种质资源调查与鉴定  

Investigation and Identification of Wild Musa Germplasm Resources in Guangxi Province

作　　者：龙兴[1] 秦献泉[1] 方仁[1] 邓彪[1] 安振宇[1] 黄伟雄[1] 尧金燕[1] LONG Xing QIN Xian-quan FANG Ren DENG Biao AN Zhen-yu HUANG Wei-xiong YAO Jin-yan(Horticultural Research Institute, Guartgxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Nanning 530007, Chin)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院园艺研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第6期1284-1293,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2014GXNSFBA118099);广西农业科学院青年科技专项项目(桂农科2014YQ29);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项团队项目(2015YT48)

摘　　要：【目的】较全面地收集并鉴定广西野生蕉种质资源的亲缘关系和分类地位,为广西野生蕉资源的保护和利用提供理论依据。【方法】采用染色体制片压片法、形态学分类法和荧光AFLP标记分别对广西境内的14份野生蕉种质进行染色体倍性、形态学分类和亲缘关系的鉴定与研究。【结果】形态学分类鉴定表明,供试的14份野生蕉种质资源染色体倍性均为二倍体,2n=22(x=11)。其中2份鉴定为M.acuminata subsp.malaccensis种,其余12份鉴定为M.itinerans种,种间形态学性状差异较大。基于AFLP标记的鉴定结果表明广西野生蕉资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,与形态学鉴定结果基本一致。【结论】供试的14份野生蕉均属于芭蕉属真蕉组(Eumusa),其中2份归属为小果野蕉亚种,12份归属为阿宽蕉,该种在广西分布较普遍。AFLP鉴定结果显示广西野生蕉种质资源间遗传差异较大,与栽培蕉亲缘关系也较远。[ Objective ] The wild Musa germplasms resources were roundly collected in Guangxi province and their genetic relationship and classification status were clarified to provide a theoretical basis for protection and utilization of the wild Musa germplasm. [ Method] Based on chromosome tabletting, morphological taxonomy and AFLP labeled with fluorescence methods, genetic relationship of 14 wild Musa germ- plasms from different regions in Guangxi Province were investigated and studied. [ Result ] The morphological identification showed that the chromosome ploidy of the 14 wild Musa germplasms were diploid, 2n = 22 （ x = 11 ）. 2 of them were identified as M. acumirtata subsp malac- censis, and other 12 were identified as M. itinerans, The interspecific morphological traits exhibited relatively difference. The results of AFLP markers revealed a rich genetic diversity among the wild Musa germplasm in Guangxi province, which were consistent with morphological classification. [ Conclusion] According to the morphological classification, all the 14 wild Musa germplasms belonged to Eumusa. 2 of them were classified into M. acuminata subsp malaccensis, the other 12 were classified into M. itinerans with wide distribution in Guangxi. The re- suits of AFLP showed that significant difference existed among the genetic relationship of the wild Musa germplasms in Guangxi. And they had a distant relationship with cultural Musa.

关 键 词：野生蕉 种质资源 分类鉴定 形态学标记 AFLP 广西 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]