《清华简·说命》所载傅说事迹史地钩沉——兼论卜辞中的“云奠河邑”  

A Study of the Fu Yue Story in the Yueming Section of the Qinghua Collection of Bamboo Slips and the Issue of Yundian Heyi in Oracle Inscriptions

作　　者：张伦敦[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《古代文明》2017年第3期61-72,共12页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

摘　　要：本文综合比较《清华简·说命》、卜辞及传世文献,从史、地两方面钩沉傅说事迹本貌。史指人物事迹,即以简文《说命》上篇所载武丁梦得傅说及傅说攻伐失仲两事,结合"弜"、"失"两族卜辞,考析殷代雄族"弜"乃"弼人"的历史原形人物,失仲亦即卜辞之失侯,卜辞所载武丁伐失与傅说伐失仲应视为一事。地指傅说事迹发生的地域环境,简文《说命》所载"员土"当训作"云土",其与武丁时代"北海之州"的地域面貌及职能区划密切相关,《周礼》对圜土及其附属刑制的表述即以"云土"为底本拟构而来。此外,"云土"还与帝辛时期征夷方卜辞中"云奠河邑"的地名相关,由此可窥知北海之州自武丁以后的政治地理沿革。Based upon the Yueming section of the Qinghua collection of bamboo slips and the records in the oracle inscriptions, as well as other historical documents, this paper discusses the historical events and their geographical locations related to Fu Yue( 傅说). King Wuding( 武丁) dreamed about Fu Yue and eventually called Fu Yue to serve in his court. As a result, Fu Yue soon led Wuding's military force to attack Shizhong( 失仲) and achieved a victory. The powerful tribe Jiang( 弜),descendants of the Yin nobility, was also known as Biren( 弼人) in historical documents. Shizhong( 失仲) in Yueming is identical to Shihou( 失侯) in oracle inscription records. Therefore, Wuding's attack of Shi( 失) recorded in oracle inscriptions refers to the same event of Fu Yue's attack of Shizhong. The terms Yuantu( 员土) recorded in Yueming should be pronounced as yun-tu which actually refers to Yuantu( 圜土) mentioned in Zhouli(《周礼》).

关 键 词：傅说 弼人 失仲 云土 云奠河邑 

分 类 号：H121[语言文字—汉语] K877[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]