中间偃麦草×长穗偃麦草杂交种F_1的幼穗分化及小孢子发育  

Growth Cone Differentiation and Microspore Development of Hybrid F_1 from Elytrigiaintermedia × Elytrigia elongate

作　　者：闫利军[1] 米福贵[2] 王晓龙[3] 杨金贵[2] 陈丽丽[1] 靳慧靳 于洁[2] YAN Li-jun MI Fu-gui WANG Xiao-long YANG Jin-gui CHEN Li-li JIN Hui-qing YU Jie(Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chendu, Sichuan, 611743 College of Eeology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Nei Monggol 010019 Heilongjiang Institute of Animal Husbandry, Qiqiheer, Nei Monggol, 161005)

机构地区：[1]四川省草原科学研究院,四川成都611743 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]黑龙江省畜牧研究所,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《草学》2017年第3期30-35,共6页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：四川省"十三五"饲草育种攻关项目(编号:2016NZ0098-1102);现代农业产业技术体系(编号:CARS35-35);四川省优质牧草科研专项"四川省优良牧草新品种选育项目"资助

摘　　要：对中间偃麦草(E.intermedia)和长穗偃麦草(E.elongat)的杂交种F_1的幼穗分化和小孢子发育进行了观察。结果表明,杂种F_1幼穗分化是一个连续的过程,可分为8个时期:初生期、伸长期、结节期、小穗突起期、颖片突起期、小花突起期、雌雄蕊形成期和抽穗始期。杂种F_1生长锥的分化具有很强的规律性:中上部的小穗最先发育,然后从中上部开始逐渐向上、向下发育,基部的小穗发育最缓慢;在每一小穗上,基部的小花最先发育,然后由基部逐渐向上发育。杂种F_1小孢子发育是一个连续分化的过程,在小孢子发育过程中有些细胞有没配对的染色体存在,有染色体粘连现象出现,在减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体以二价体为主,但能观察到少量单价体、三价体和四价体的存在。Growth cone differentiation and microspore development of hybrid F1 from Elytrigia intermedia × Elytrigia elongate w ob- served. The results showed that the Growth cone differentiation of hybrid F1 was a consecutive process, can be divided into eight stages pri- mary growth stage, elongation stage, single ridge stage, spikelet protuberance stage, glume protuberance stage, floret protuberance stage, gynoecium and stamen differentiation stage, heading stage, the whole spike, the middle and upper parts of the spikelet developed first, and then gradually upward and downward, the base spikelet developed last the single spikelet, the base part of the floret developed first, then de- veloped from base to top gradually. The microspore development of hybrid F1 was a consecutive process of differentiation, some sells have no paired chromosome and adhesion phenomenon of chromosome in the microspore developmeng process, n the mid - term I chromosome with bivalent body.

关 键 词：偃麦草杂种F1 幼穗分化 小孢子发育 

分 类 号：S543.034[农业科学—作物学]