一个粳稻早熟突变体的遗传分析及育种应用潜力的初步评价  

The genetic analysis and applied potential evaluation of an early-maturing japonica rice mutant

作　　者：程灿[1] 储黄伟[1] 周继华[1] 牛付安[1] 罗忠永 曹黎明[1] 袁勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2017年第3期1-4,共4页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市农委种业项目[沪农科种字(2016)第1-3号];上海市水稻产业技术体系建设项目[沪农科产字(2017)第3号];上海市科技攻关项目[14391901000];国家重点研发计划[2016YFD0101100]

摘　　要：来自粳稻‘寒丰’繁种圃的一个早熟突变体‘早寒丰’,其播始历期比野生型‘寒丰’提早15.2 d。对其生育期遗传分析表明,控制该早熟性状的基因为一对半显性核基因。以BT型粳稻不育系‘寒丰A’与‘早寒丰’连续回交,育成早熟粳稻新不育系‘早寒丰A’。以‘寒丰A’和‘早寒丰A’分别与‘湘晴’‘申恢254’‘R44’等3个粳稻恢复系配组,结果表明:‘早寒丰A’所配组合的播始历期为95.2—99.4 d,比‘寒丰A’所配组合的播始历期提早8.2—10.4 d,且其中一些组合产量降低不显著,因此‘早寒丰A’携带的早熟半显性核基因在杂交粳稻早熟育种中具有较好的利用价值。An early-maturing rice mutant ＇ Zao-Han-Feng＇ from the breeding nursery of japonica rice ＇ Han-Feng＇ was about 15.2 d earlier than the wild ＇ Han-Feng＇ in heading period, and the genetic analysis indicated that the ＇ Zao-Han-Feng＇ s early-maturing character was controlled by a pair of semidominant genes. A new sterile line ＇ Zao-Han-Feng A＇ was bred by the continuous backcross of the ＇Zao-Han-Feng＇ with the BT- type sterile line ＇ Han-Feng A＇ ,and then the cross combinations of ＇ Han-Feng A＇ and ＇ Zao-Han-Feng A＇ were made respectively with 3 japonica rice restorers-＇ Xiangqing＇ , ＇ Shenhui 254＇ and ＇ R44＇. The results showed that the heading periods of cross combinations with ＇ Zao-Han-Feng A＇ were 95.2-99.4 d and about 8.2- 10. 4 d earlier than those of cross combinations with ＇ Han-feng A＇ , and some combinations had no significant decrease in yield, indicating that the semidominant early-maturing gene in the ＇ Zao-Han-Feng A＇ has a good applied value in breeding for early-maturing japonica rice hybrids.

关 键 词：粳稻 早熟突变体 半显性基因 育种试验 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]