深水剪切闸板防喷器控制压力平衡装置研究  

Research on Pressure Balancing Device of Deepwater Shear Ram BOP

作　　者：吴国辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北华北石油荣盛机械制造有限公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2017年第7期58-61,共4页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家863计划项目"深水防喷器组及控制系统工程化研制"(2013AA09A220)

摘　　要：水下防喷器及控制系统是确保安全钻井的海洋井控装备,需要使用水下蓄能器提供压力控制液。随着工作水深的增加,水下蓄能器数量骤增。为了减少水下蓄能器的使用数量,设计了深水剪切闸板防喷器控制压力平衡装置。该装置通过海水静压平衡深水剪切闸板防喷器打开和关闭功能的控制压差,降低最小操作压力,提高水下蓄能器的容积率,进而减少水下蓄能器的使用数量,使额定压力21.0 MPa的水下防喷器控制系统能够完成高压剪切关井;在紧急情况可以使用海水关闭剪切闸板防喷器,确保钻井安全。通过计算1 500 m钻井平台水下剪切闸板防喷器加装控制压力平衡装置后,只需配备16个57 L水下蓄能器,水下蓄能器使用量减少为原控制系统的1/2,因此减小了水下防喷器控制系统的体积。该装置的应用可降低钻井装备的成本。The subsea BOPs and control systems are offshore well control equipment ensuring safe dri ll ing, which require subsea accumulator to provide pressure control fluids. With the increase ol water d e p th , the number of subsea accumulators required increase sharply. To minimize the number ol required subsea accumulators, the deepwater shear ram BOP control pressure balance device has been designed. The device balances the control dif-ferential pressure ol open and close functions ol the deepwater shear ram BOP by the hydrostatic pressure ol seawa-ter ,so as to reduce the minimum operating p re s su re, increase the volume ratio ol the subsea accumulator, thus to reduce the number ol subsea accumulators. The subsea BOP control system with the rated pressure ol 21.0 MPa could conduct high pressure shear and shut in well. In emergency situations, seawater could be used to close the shear ram BOP to ensure drilling salety.

关 键 词：深水剪切闸板 防喷器 控制系统 水下蓄能器 控制压力平衡 

分 类 号：TE951[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]