民国戏班价银的约定与收取——以香港、日本藏粤剧戏班经营文书为中心  

Investigating the Remuneration Rules of the Theatrical Troupes in Republican China:A Case Study of Business Documents of Cantonese Opera Troupes Preserved in Hong Kong and Japan

作　　者：陈志勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学中国非物质文化遗产研究中心,广东广州510275

出　　处：《暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第6期67-78,共12页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目<新加坡藏"外江戏"剧本的搜集与研究>(批准号:14AZW009);中山大学高校基本科研业务费资助项目(批准号:16wkjc12)

摘　　要：日本东京大学、香港文化博物馆和香港"中央"图书馆藏有一批民国时期广州太安公司下辖戏班的定戏契约及相关经营文书。这批文书直现了戏班(卖戏公司)与买戏主会之间对本价戏银和附加银价(中宵银、利市银、折合银等)的议定,戏班关于度量衡标准、主会克扣拖欠戏金以及各种不确定因素对戏金收取的风险规避。围绕戏金的约定和收取,戏班(卖戏公司)与买戏主会、行会组织、信息中介人、政府权力部门甚至盗匪、军队之间相互交缠的利益关系得以清晰呈现。这批文书是了解民国时期粤剧戏班(卖戏公司)生存境遇和岭南墟镇演剧市场变迁的原始史料。The documents,such as performance contracts and other business documents of the opera troupes held by Guangzhou Tai-an Company,collected in the University of Tokyo,Hong Kong Heritage Museum,and Hong Kong Cental Library,are essential and evidential materials to study how the remuneration of the Cantonese opera performances are generated,charged,paid and redistributed.These materials are manifested in the complex interest relationships between the theatrical troupes(the seller) and the different parties such as performance broker(the buyer),guilds,information intermediaries,government departments,and even the bandits and the army.This study can be regarded as new approach to exploring the survival of theatrical troupes(the seller)behind the price and the changes of opera performing markets in the villages of Lingnan.

关 键 词：粤剧 契约文书 戏价 戏班 吉庆公所 戏曲市场 

分 类 号：K258[历史地理—历史学]