基于数值模拟的高效分级蒸汽吹灰器开发  

Development and numerical simulation for a high efficiency steam soot blower

作　　者：卢权[1] 李延兵 郝剑 胡建涛 路冰心 LU Quan LI Yanbing HAO Jian HU Jiantao LU Bingxin(School of Environmental Science Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China Guohua Sanhe Power Generation Limited Liability Company, Sanhe 065201, China School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院,河北保定071003 [2]国华三河发电有限责任公司,河北三河065201 [3]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《热力发电》2017年第7期92-96,共5页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAA04B00)~~

摘　　要：蒸汽吹灰器是减轻电厂锅炉受热面积灰普遍采用的设备,但在实际应用中经常发生受热面管段被吹损的情况,经分析造成吹损的主要原因是吹灰器喷嘴喷出的蒸汽射流对管段表面施加的作用力不均匀。为此,开发出一种新型的分级吹灰器,尽可能使蒸汽射流吹扫更加均匀,降低原有吹灰器容易造成受热面管段磨损和爆管的风险。本文采用数值模拟软件Fluent对原吹灰器磨损原因进行模拟分析,同时实现新型分级吹灰器的性能优化,重点讨论了原始方案及优化方案下水冷壁管壁面处的速度分布及剪切力分布。结果表明,新型高效分级蒸汽吹灰器在管段上的最大应力值和各管段剪切力分布(方差)均明显优于原始方案,吹扫的均匀性、可靠性明显提升,在一定程度上降低了磨损和爆管的风险。Steam soot blower is a widely used device to ease the heating surface fouling of power plant boilers, but in practical, the pipes of heating surface are often damaged during soot blowing. The uneven distributed force exerted by the steam jet is the main reason for blowing loss. To solve this problem, a new type of grading ash blower was developed to make the steam jet blowing more uniform, as far as possible, thus to reduce the risk of abrasion and tube explosion. In this paper, the cause analysis for pipe abrasion and optimum development of soot blower was mainly done by numerical simulation software Fluent, then the velocity distribution and shear stress distribution at the surface of the water wall under the two schemes was focused on. The results show that, the new efficient grading steam soot blower is superior to the original scheme in the maximum shear stress on pipe and the variance of the shear stress distribution in each pipe.

关 键 词：电站锅炉 蒸汽吹灰器 受热面 吹损 速度分布 剪切力分布 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK223.27[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]