土壤微生物生物地理学研究现状与发展态势  

Current Status and Development Trend of Soil Microbial Biogeography

作　　者：褚海燕[1] 王艳芬[2] 时玉[1] 吕晓涛[3] 朱永官[4] 韩兴国[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院沈阳生态研究所,沈阳110016 [4]中国科学院城市环境研究所,厦门361021

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2017年第6期585-592,共8页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中科院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XD B15010100)

摘　　要：土壤微生物生物地理学是研究土壤中微生物空间分布格局及其随时间变化的一门科学。开展土壤微生物生物地理学研究有助于深入挖掘土壤中的未知生物资源,深刻理解土壤中微生物多样性的产生、维持机制,并可预测陆地生态系统功能的演变方向。由于土壤中微生物绝大多数不可培养,所以其生物地理学研究长期滞后于动植物的生物地理学。21世纪以来,新一代高通量测序、组学技术的突破为土壤微生物生物地理学带来了前所未有的机遇,使其成为土壤生物学、微生物生态学领域的国际研究热点。本文阐述了近年来国内外土壤微生物生物地理学的研究现状,提出了近期研究重点,并对该领域的未来研究与发展态势进行了展望。Soil microbial biogeography is to study the spatial distribution pattern of soil microorganisms and their changes over time. Soil microbial biogeographical study can help to find out unknown biological resources in soils, to understand the mechanisms of formation and maintenance of microbial diversity in soils, and to predict the evolutional direction of terrestrial ecosystem functioning. Since the vast majority of soil microorganisms cannot be cultivated and the techniques for microbial community analysis are limited, soil microbial biogeography has lagged behind the biogeography of plants and animals for a long time. Since twenty-first century, the breakthrough of high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis has brought unprecedented opportunities for soil microbial biogeography, making it a hot spot in the field of soil biology and microbial ecology in the world. In this paper, we expatiated the present research status of soil microbial biogeography, suggested the research direction and development trend, and prospected the future research in this field.

关 键 词：土壤微生物 生物地理学 现状 发展方向 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]