超低与极低体重儿父亲亲职压力：0～6个月调查研究  

Fathers＇ parenting stress of ELBWI/VLBWI： a 0-6 month study

作　　者：王慧馨[1] 湛献能[2] 李丽珍[1] Wang Huixin Zhan Xianneng Li Lizhen(Department of Pediatrics , Nursing Department , Third Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第三医院儿科,广州510150 [2]广州医科大学附属第三医院护理部,广州510150

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2017年第13期2137-2141,共5页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：目的分析VLBWI／ELBW10—6个月父亲亲职压力及不同影响因素。方法采用一般人口学资料问卷、亲职压力简式量表，对2014年1月至2016年6月在广州某三甲医院出生的97名VLBWI／ELBWI父亲作为研究对象进行相关调查。结果0、1、6月亲职压力比较分析，胎龄、体重、居住地3个因素三组均存在差异，在住院花费因素、支付方式、家庭收入上只有0月组有差异，其他两组组内均无差异。在教育程度方面只有6月组内存在差异，其他两组无差异。在家庭类型、主要照顾者、子女情况因素上0月组内无差异，其他两组组内均有差异。神经发育评定出院后1个月及矫正6个月进行，两组组内比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），进一步纵向比较0、1、6个月的亲职压力，亲职压力总分水平在出院后1个月、6个月均高于0月水平。在矫正胎龄6月时，以VLBWI／ELBWI父亲亲职压力得分为因变量，回归分析结果显示，低体重儿神经发育、胎龄、出生体重、家庭类型、教育程度是VLBWI／ELBWI父亲亲职压力的影响因素，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论高学历、胎龄小、体重低及非主干家庭父亲、神经发育出现迟缓亲职压力大；出院后1个月时，父亲亲职压力最高，矫正胎龄6个月时亲职压力高于住院期间的亲职压力。影响ELBWI／VLBWI主要因素包括：低体重儿神经发育情况、胎龄、出生体重、家庭类型及教育程度。Objective To analyze the fathers＇ parenting stress of VLBWI/ELBWI and the influencing factors in 0-6 months. Methods General demographic data questionnaire and parenting stress scale were used to investigate the fathers of 97 VLBWI/ELBWI delivered at a hospital of Guangzhou from January, 2014 to June, 2016. Results 0, 1, and 6 months comparative analysis of parenting stress showed that there were differences in gestational age, body weight, and residence area in the three groups, were in hospitalization cost factors, payment methods, and household income in the 0 month group but no in the other two groups, was in educational level in the 6 months group but no in the other two groups, and were in family type, main caregiver and children＇s situation in the 3 and 6 months groups but no in the 0 month group. The neural development evaluation 1 months after discharge and correction of 6 months, there were statistical differences between the two groups （all P 〈 0.05）. Further longitudinal comparison showed that the parenting stress score levels 1 and 6 months after discharge were higher than that 0 month after discharge. When the children were 6 months old after correcting gestational age, the fathers＇ parenting stress score of VLBWI/ELBWI was as the dependent variable; and regression analysis showed that the neural development of low birth weight infants, gestational age, birth weight, family type, and education level were the influence factors of the fathers＇ parenting stress of VLBWI/ELBWI （all P〈0.05）. Conclusions High education level, low gestational age, low body weight, not fathers of main families, and neural developmental retardation cause parenting stress. 1 months after discharge, the fathers＇ parenting stress is high. When the children are 6 months old after correcting gestational age, parenting stress is high than that during hospitalization. The main influencing factors of the fathers＇ parenting stress of VLBWI/ELBWI include low birth weight infants＇ neurological development, ges

关 键 词：VLBWI/ELBWI 亲职压力 父亲 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]