不同养殖模式下肉羊生产技术效率和全要素生产率分析  

Analysis on Technical Efficiency and Total Factor Productivity of Meat Sheep Production Under Different Cultivating Patterns

作　　者：王雪娇[1] 肖海峰[1] WANG Xuejiao XIAO Haifeng(School of Economics and Management, China Agricuhural University, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业经济与管理》2017年第3期90-98,共9页Agricultural Economics and Management

基　　金：农业部;财政部项目(CARS-40-20)

摘　　要：基于农业部畜牧司2012~2015年肉羊生产监测数据,利用BCC模型和DEA-Malmquist全要素生产率(TFP)指数法分析不同养殖模式(自繁自育和专业育肥)下肉羊生产技术效率和全要素生产率。结果发现,2012~2015年不同养殖模式下绵羊和山羊生产技术效率呈"N"字型上下交替变化特征,平均效率水平较低,且规模效率是技术效率主要来源;山羊生产技术效率水平高于绵羊,自繁自育养殖模式下高于专业育肥;无论在自繁自育或专业育肥养殖模式下,2012~2015年山羊生产TFP指数均呈下降趋势,年均降幅分别为2.2%和0.1%;近年自繁自育养殖模式下,绵羊生产呈技术效率增加与技术退化现象并存,专业育肥技术效率微幅增加。因此,应扩大养殖规模,提升肉羊生产规模化水平;加强科研创新,研发肉羊养殖先进技术;加强科技服务,加大肉羊养殖等实用技术推广力度。Based on the monitoring data of meat sheep production in Ministry of Agriculture from 2012 to 2015 （The data covers1500 meat sheep production households belonging to 500 villages of 100 counties in Chinese 20 provinces）, the paper applied BCC Model and DEA-Malmquist total factor productivity （TFP） index approach to calculate the technical efficiency and TFP of meat sheep production under different cultivating patterns （self-breeding and professional fattening）. Results indicated that the technical efficiency of sheep and goats production under different cultivating patterns showed a changing characteristics of the ＂N＂ shape in 2012-2015, the average technical efficiency level was not high, and scale efficiency was the main source of technical efficiency; the technical efficiency level of goat production was higher than sheep, and self-breeding mode was higher than professional fattening; whether it was self-breeding or professional fattening farming mode, TFP index of meat sheep production were showing a downward trend, and an average annual decline of 6.9% and 0.4% respectively. There was a phenomenon that technology decreased and technological progress coexisted in goat production under the self-breeding mode, while the professional fattening mode showed the improvement of technical efficiency and technical degradation. Therefore, the scale should be expanded to further enhance large-scale level of meat sheep production, strengthen scientific research and innovation, develop a major and more practical advanced technology, continue to strengthen technology services, and intensify the promotion efforts of practical techniques for meat sheep breeding.

关 键 词：肉羊 自繁自育 专业育肥 技术效率 DEA—Malmquist生产率指数 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济]