老年患者营养状况与跌倒风险的相关性分析  

Corelation between the risk of falling and nutritional status in elderly patients

作　　者：国希云[1] 赵黎明[1] 阳蒙蒙 李丽娜[1] 陈永秀[1] 王曙霞[1] 何荆贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院门诊部干部诊疗科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国临床保健杂志》2017年第4期441-443,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare

基　　金：军队保健课题(14BJZ17);中国人民解放军总医院扶持基金(2016FC-CXYY-1009;2016FC-TSTS-1042)

摘　　要：目的调查老年患者营养状况与跌倒风险,分析其相关性。方法对在门诊就诊年龄≥60岁的老年患者采用简易营养评价精法(MNA-SF法)、卫生部《老年人跌倒干预技术指南》中的老年人跌倒风险评估量表等调查问卷的方式,评价老年患者的营养状况与跌倒风险,并进行相关性分析。结果共纳入70例老年患者,其中高龄老年患者(≥80岁)56例。70例老年患者中,营养不良者占25.7%(18/70),其中高龄患者占营养不良者94.4%(17/18)。跌倒高度风险的老年患者占18.6%(13/70),其中高龄患者占跌倒高度风险者69.2%(9/13)。营养不良的老年患者中,跌倒高度风险者占33.3%(6/18),有3次及以上跌倒史者占16.7%(3/18)。经分析,有跌倒史者营养评分(10.72±2.19)分小于无跌倒史者营养评分(12.67±1.57)分,当跌倒次数≥3次时,营养评分均值为(9.75±2.363)分,远低于平均水平(12.17±1.93)分(P<0.05)。结论老年患者营养不良和跌倒的发生率均较高,且跌倒风险与营养状况相关。Objective To investigate the risk of falling and nutritional status in elderly patients, and to assess the correlation between them. Methods Patients aged ≥60 in the division outpatient of PLA General Hospital were en- rolled in this study. The short-form mini-nutritional assessment（MNA-SF） and the elderly fall risk assessment（ from The Technical Guide of Elderly Fall Intervention published by ministry of health）were used respectively to evaluate patients＇ nutritional status and the risk of falling. The correlation between nutritional status and the risk of falling was analyzed. Results A total of 70 patients were enrolled,including 56 cases ≥ 80. Malnutrition in this 70 elderly patients accounted for 25.7% （ 18/70）, including 94. 4% （ 17/18 ） malnourished patients 80 years. Altogether 18. 6% of the patients （13/70） were at high risk of falling,69.2% （9/13） of whom were cases≥80. Among these elderly patients with malnutri- tion,33.3% （6/18）had a high risk of falling,and 16.7% （3/18） had a history of three or more falls. The frequency and history of falls are associated with nutritional status. Patients with a history of falls have a lower nutritional score（ 10. 72 ± 2. 19）than patients with no falls history（ 12.67 ± 1.57）. Undoubtedly,patients with a history of three or more falls had a nutritional score （9.75±2.363 ） far below the average （ 12.17±1.93 ）. All P 〈 0.05. Conclusions The incidence of mal- nutrition and falls in elderly patients is high,furthermore,the risk of falling is associated with nutritional status.

关 键 词：意外跌倒 营养不良 老年人 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]