贵州剑河八郎寒武系“清虚洞组”海绵化石初步研究  

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF SPONGE FOSSILS FROM THE CAMBRIAN “TSINGHSUTUNG FORMATION” OF GUIZHOU,CHINA

作　　者：王圆[1] 杨兴莲[1,2] 赵元龙[1] 段晓林[1] WANG Yuan YANG Xing-lian ZHAO Yuan-long DUAN Xiao-lin(） College of Resources and Environment Engineering ,Guizhou University ,Guiyang 550025, China ） State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《古生物学报》2017年第2期176-188,共13页Acta Palaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41362002;41330101);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2013CB835002;2015FY310100);现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室基金(153113);贵州省古生物研究中心建设基金(黔科合Z字[2014]4003号);贵州大学研究生创新基金(研理工2017042)联合资助

摘　　要：贵州剑河八郎"清虚洞组"为深水陆棚过渡相沉积,在其上部的剑河生物群中发现海绵动物化石,共6属6种,包括次圆柱形细丝海绵Leptomitus teretiusculus Chen,Hou and Lu,1989,小细丝海绵未定种Leptomitella sp.,密集鬃毛状海绵Saetaspongia densa Mehl and Reitner in Steiner et al.,1993,小斗篷海绵未定种Choiaella sp.,斗篷海绵未定种Choiasp.以及疑问原始海绵?Protospongiasp.,占整个生物群组成的6.98%,多为寒武纪第二世常见属种。本文主要描述前4属4种海绵动物。根据目前所采集到的海绵动物高度来看,多处于0—15cm范围内,其中0—5cm的海绵较多,5—15cm的海绵主要为Choiaellasp.。与皖南寒武系荷塘组和澄江生物群的海绵化石相比,"清虚洞组"的海绵动物总体个体较小,这种分层性可能与它们所处的环境背景和生态复杂性有关。The ＂ Tsinghsutung Formation＂ （ Series 2, Cambrian） is well exposed in Balang Village, Jianhe County, Guizhou Province, representing the deposit formed in the transition slope belt. Six genera and species of sponges were collected from the Jianhe biota located in the upper part of the ＂Tsinghsutung Formation＂. They are Choia sp. , Choiaella sp. , Leptomitus teretiusculus Chen, Hou and Lu, 1989, Leptomitella sp. ,？ Protospongia sp. and Saetaspongia densa Mehl and Reitner in Steiner et al. , 1993. They account for 6.98% of the total generic diversity of the biota and most of them are common species that lived during the Cambrian series 2. Four genera and 4 species are systematically described in this study. Among the sponge fossils we have collected, the sponge tiering is restricted to 0-15 cm, most of which around 0-5 cm, and Choiaella sp. is usually between 5-15 cm. Furthermore, it shows that the sizes of sponge fossils from the ＂Tsinghsutung Formation＂ are smaller than that from the Cambrian Hetang Formation （Anhui Province） and the Chengjiang biota （Yunnan Province）. It is indicated that the difference between them may have resulted from the specific local environments and the ecological complexity of the biotas.

关 键 词：海绵化石 “清虚洞组” 寒武系 贵州剑河 

分 类 号：Q915.2[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]