美国天然气管道设施信息公开规则及其启示  

The Information Posting Rules of natural gas pipeline facilities in U.S.A and its enlightenment

作　　者：郭海涛[1] 梁严[2] 周淑慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油规划总院 [2]中国石油大学(北京)

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2017年第6期26-32,39,共8页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：美国联邦能源监管委员会从1985年颁布《436号令》开始,先后颁布了《636号令》《637号令》《2004号令》《717号令》《720号令》等一系列法律法规,指导管道运营企业建立规范统一的信息公开平台,公开内容包括管网容量信息、气质信息、公平行为标准、准入技术与商业运营条款、客户索引信息、市场交易报告和各类通知等。美国没有全国统一的管网信息公开平台和容量交易平台,各个州际管道公司都按照统一的模板建立了各自的信息公布平台,依托互联网公开。不同的公司在信息公开内容深度和范围上有所差异,但都严格按照法规张贴信息。美国的这些经验,启示中国在推进管道设施信息公开的过程中,要发挥政府主导作用,加强法律法规建设,指导信息公开规范化;推进可操作与网络化的信息公开平台建设,实现信息公开的标准化;建立历史数据回溯及审查机制,发挥信息平台的监督功能;设置适度的信息公开条款,保护企业合理的商业技术机密。Having published Order No.436 in 1985, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission （FERC） successively haspublished a series of laws and regulations including Order No.636, Order No.637 Order No.2004, Order No.717, Order No.720,which guided the pipeline enterprises to establish the standardized and unified information posting platform. The unified postinginformation includes pipeline capacity information, gas quality, fair conduct standards, technology and business of access operationterms, customer index information, transaction reports and various notices, etc. The United States has no national unified informationplatform and capacity trading platform for the pipeline network. Each interstate pipeline company has established their owninformation publishing platform in accordance with the unified template relying on the internet to make public with differences inthe degree of depth and range on information posting under the strict regulation. China＇s government should play a leading role,strengthen the construction of laws and regulations, and guide the standardization of information posting in the process of promotingthe workable and network-based information posting of pipeline facilities; establish historical data review and examinationmechanism, give full play to the supervision function, and set up appropriate information posting items to protect enterprisesreasonable commercial ＆ technical secrets based on the USA＇s experiences.

关 键 词：美国 天然气 管道设施 第三方准入 信息公开 可操作性 规范化 标准化 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]