不同温度和盐度对大竹蛏耗氧率和排氨率的影响  

Studies on the effect of temperature and salinity on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in the grand jackknife clam Solen grandis

作　　者：聂鸿涛[1,2] 姜力文[1,2] 王海伦[1] 邢宁宁[1] 杨凤[1,2] 闫喜武[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,辽宁省贝类良种繁育工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋科学》2017年第4期44-50,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才项目(2014004);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-48);大连市科技计划(2014B11NC092,2016RQ065)~~

摘　　要：在实验室条件下,设置12、17、22、27和32℃五个温度梯度和12、17、22、27和32五个盐度梯度,研究了不同温度和盐度对大竹蛏(Solen grandis)耗氧排氨的影响。结果表明:随着温度的升高耗氧率先降低再逐渐升高,在温度为22℃时为最小值1.571 mg/(g·h);排氨率先降低后升高再降低,在温度17℃时为最小值0.127 mg/(g·h)。随着盐度增加耗氧率先升高后降低,在盐度22时达到最大值3.106 mg/(g·h),排氨率先降低再升高,在盐度为27时为最小值为0.145 mg/(g·h)。在盐度32时,不同温度的O:N范围是5.525~79.037。在温度12℃时,不同盐度下的O:N范围是4.378~16.755。不同温度下耗氧率Q_(10)变化范围为1.054~2.421,排氨率的Q_(10)变化范围是0.748~1.256。研究结果为进一步完善大竹蛏的人工养殖技术提供参考。Temperature and salinity are the main factors affecting the metabolism of aquatic biological organisms, and these environmental factors vary seasonally. This study investigated the effects of temperature and salinity on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of the grand jackknife clam Solen grandis. The experimental setup included a temperature gradient （12, 17, 22, 27, and 32℃） and a salinity gradient （12, 17, 22, 27, and 32）. The results demonstrate that temperature has a significant effect on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates in this strain （P 〈 0.05）. As the temperature increased, oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion first decreased and then increased. The lowest oxygen consumption rate is 1.571 mg/（g·h） at 32℃, and the lowest ammonia excretion rate is 0.127 mg/（g·h） at 17℃. As salinity increased, oxygen consumption first increased and then decreased, whereas ammonia excretion first decreased and then increased. The highest oxygen consumption rate is 3.106 mg/（g·h） for a salinity value of 22, and the lowest ammonia excretion rate is 0.145 mg/（g·h） for a salinity value of 27. At 12℃, the O︰N ratio ranged from 4.378 to 16.755 as the salinity value increased from 12 to 32. At a salinity value of 32, the O︰N ratio ranged from 5.525 to 79.037 as the temperature increased from 12℃ to 32℃. The information regarding its response to different temperature and salinity values has implications in the S. grandis aquaculture industry.

关 键 词：大竹蛏(Solen grandis) 温度 盐度 耗氧率 排氨率 

分 类 号：Q142[生物学—生态学] S968.3[生物学—普通生物学]